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An Introduction to Specially Tailored Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications
Published in Jince Thomas, Sabu Thomas, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Jiya Jose, Nanoparticles in Polymer Systems for Biomedical Applications, 2019
Minu Elizabeth Thomas, K. P. Sajesha, P. M. Sayeesh, Jince Thomas
In the health care field, the nanorobotics helps to perform good treatment through biomedical applications by improved techniques in treatment. This can help in decreasing the deadly diseases in future. Nanorobotics is used in medical application, treatment of cancer, in gene therapy, for brain aneurysm, in dentistry, etc.40 Cancer can be successfully treated with the current medical technologies and therapies using nanorobotics. Nanorobots containing embedded chemical biosensors can be used in detection of tumor cells at early stages of development inside the patient’s body. Integrated nanosensors can be used for such a task in order to find its intensity. Scientists have genetically modified salmonella bacteria which are drawn to the tumors by chemicals that are secreted by cancerous cells. These bacteria carry microscopic robots which are about 3 μm in size and can automatically release capsules filled with drugs when the bacteria reach the tumor cells. By delivering drugs directly to the tumor, the nanorobot, which they named as bacteriobot, attacks the tumor leaving healthy cells apart and protects the patient from the side effects of chemotherapy. Bactiriobot can not only help in the treatment of breast cancers and colorectal but also helps in the treatment of other cancers as well. The high potential of nanorobots in the biomedical applications and the fewer side effects on its applications make nanorobots very desirable.
Artificial Nanomachines and Nanorobotics
Published in Shaker A. Mousa, Raj Bawa, Gerald F. Audette, The Road from Nanomedicine to Precision Medicine, 2020
Alexandre Loukanov, Hristo Gagov, Seiichiro Nakabayashi
The design of a nanorobot requires an autonomy swimming and navigation strategy for overcoming the low Reynolds number viscous drag and Brownian motion. Various types nanorobots have been developed based on a few distinct propulsion mechanisms, which typically rely on chemically powered nanomotors (converting the supplied fuels to motion) or externally powered nanomotors (harvesting magnetic, ultrasound, optical, and thermal energy). These propulsion mechanisms have led to the engineering of numerous nanorobotic prototypes (Fig. 14.6), including magnetically actuated microswimmers (Fig. 14.6A), fuel-powered tubular microrockets (Fig. 14.6B), ultrasound-powered nanowire motors (Fig. 14.6C) and sperm-powered biohybrid microrobots (Fig. 14.6D).
Artificial Nanomachines and Nanorobotics
Published in Shaker A. Mousa, Raj Bawa, Gerald F. Audette, The Road from Nanomedicine to Precision Medicine, 2019
Alexandre Loukanov, Hristo Gagov, Seiichiro Nakabayashi
The design of a nanorobot requires an autonomy swimming and navigation strategy for overcoming the low Reynolds number viscous drag and Brownian motion. Various types nanorobots have been developed based on a few distinct propulsion mechanisms, which typically rely on chemically powered nanomotors (converting the supplied fuels to motion) or externally powered nanomotors (harvesting magnetic, ultrasound, optical, and thermal energy). These propulsion mechanisms have led to the engineering of numerous nanorobotic prototypes (Fig. 14.6), including magnetically actuated microswimmers (Fig. 14.6A), fuel-powered tubular microrockets (Fig. 14.6B), ultrasound-powered nanowire motors (Fig. 14.6C) and sperm-powered biohybrid microrobots (Fig. 14.6D).
Experimental investigation of biomimetic propulsion through a scaled up branched flagellated artificial nanoswimmer
Published in Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022
Shivani Nain, Jitendra Singh Rathore, Niti Nipun Sharma
Nanotechnology is allowing the development of small machines of which nanorobots is vital part because of its applications in various fields such as treatment of various disease, targeted drug delivery, in-viscera nanosurgery, Alzheimer disease, angioplasty, and many others (Nain and Sharma 2015). Nanoswimmer is one specific component of nanorobots, where exploration is going on, to bio-mimic flagellar micro-organisms (Bechinger et al. 2016). In nature, bacteria leave a huge foot prints on our lives as bacteria are proficient in circumnavigating in an environment such as human body in search of food (Dobell and Van Leeuwenhoek 1933). These single-cell bacteria can travel through body by beating cilia or rotating flagella protrudes from the surface of the bacteria and moves in a coordinated manner to propel (Berg and Brown 1972). Flagellar propulsion is one of the mechanical modes of propulsion which needs to be reconnoitred.