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Revolutionizing Manufacturing Using Cognitive IoT Technologies
Published in Pethuru Raj, Anupama C. Raman, Harihara Subramanian, Cognitive Internet of Things, 2022
Pethuru Raj, Anupama C. Raman, Harihara Subramanian
Industrial robots have tremendous potential to alter production processes comparable to the automation introduced by computers in offices. Some of the key benefits of using robots in factories are the following:Increase the speed of performing operationsIncrease the accuracy of performing an operationImprove the quality of tasks such as carrying heavy loads or weights by robots than by humansThese activities performed by robots have added tremendous value to manufacturing processes. One example could be the petrochemical industry which has used robots extensively to improve the safety and efficiency of performing operations that are otherwise very difficult to be done by humans. Some examples of such tasks are maintenance, inspection, repair, etc. The downside of using robots in some environments is that it could give rise to a breach of trust and accountability.
The evolution of robotic systems
Published in Brij B. Gupta, Nadia Nedjah, Safety, Security, and Reliability of Robotic Systems, 2020
Reinaldo Padilha França, Ana Carolina Borges Monteiro, Rangel Arthu, Yuzo Iano
In times of digital transformation and industry 4.0, industrial robotics is a promising area with high potential since this area specializes in working directly with task automation that can be seen in the automotive industry and other assembly lines, with the growing replacement of man by machine in strenuous and repetitive tasks. Using robots to perform tasks on the shop floor is called industrial robotics, which is how companies have been able to strategically apply automation, streamlining processes, reducing waste and risk of failure, and structuring uninterrupted operation much more easily. The use of robots in companies has several benefits since they are recommended for performing standardized tasks that depend on a limited number of variables and are appropriate to perform the mass demands (Bahrin et al. 2016).
What Should We Want From a Robot Ethic?
Published in Wendell Wallach, Peter Asaro, Machine Ethics and Robot Ethics, 2020
I maintain that a desirable framework for ethics in robotics ought to address all three aspects. That is to say that these are really just three different aspects of a more fundamental issue of how moral responsibility should be distributed in socio-technical contexts involving robots, and how the behavior of people and robots ought to be regulated. It argues that there are urgent issues of practical ethics facing robot systems under development or already in use. It also considers how such practical ethics might be greatly problematized should robots become fully autonomous moral agents. The overarching concern is that robotic technologies are best seen as socio-technical systems and, while the focus on the ethics of individual humans and robots in such systems is relevant, only a consideration of the whole assembly–humans and machines–will provide a reasonable framework for dealing with robot ethics.
Towards gestured-based technologies for human-centred Smart Factories
Published in International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2023
Vito Modesto Manghisi, Markus Wilhelm, Antonello Uva, Bastian Engelmann, Michele Fiorentino, Jan Schmitt
The capture of movements can additionally be used for interaction between humans and machines to provide an intuitive process by using gesture control. This allows a modification of existing production systems by new and smart interaction mechanisms. An obvious application for gesture commands is the control of robots. Industrial robots are especially used to assist humans in working environments, e.g. due to dangerous environmental conditions or high physical loads. Due to the fact that a robot is supposed to replace the movements of an employee, programming through corresponding movements is an intuitively applicable method. In the following Table 3, a review of gesture-based robot control is presented. The utilized technologies, the type of robot and the kind of control gestures are classified. The technologies are divided into four categories: wearables, camera, infrared camera (Leap Motion) and depth camera (Microsoft Kinect). The robot types are classified into professional industrial robots and non-professional/commercial robots, which functionalities are similar to industrial robots. Other areas with strong research activity in gesture control, such as humanoid robots, are left out. A distinction is made between static gestures and dynamic gestures. Static gestures are firmly assigned gestures that trigger exactly one movement in the robot. Dynamic gestures can be the indirect transmission of motion sequences, e.g. the movements of a human hand on a robot arm. Mirroring, in our context, means transmitting the (scaled) spatial coordinates of the arm movement, and thus, determining the position of the end effector.
Explainable AI for Security of Human-Interactive Robots
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2022
Antonio Roque, Suresh K. Damodaran
Robots have been defined as “a system with sensors, actuators, and computing ability” (Archibald et al., 2017). There are many types of robots. For example, modern cars with autonomous features are a type of robot because “they are an example of a large complex system which can sense the environment (wheel speed, tire pressure, GPS location) and take actions (automatic braking, information display, unlocking car)” (Archibald et al., 2017). Robots are a type of Cyber-Physical System (CPS) (Clark et al., 2017), which are software embedded into a physical system that is used to control interactions with the physical world (Leccadito et al., 2018; Alguliyev et al., 2018; Ding et al., 2018; Greer et al., 2019). We will occasionally refer to CPSs in this article because there is a respectable amount of work on the safety and security of CPSs that could be applied to the special case of robots.
Effect of educational robotic applications on students’ cognitive outcomes
Published in Behaviour & Information Technology, 2022
Along with the integration teaching coding in the curriculum, the robotic coding approach has emerged as another revolutionary step. Robotics is the programming and designing process of robots in mechanics and electronics engineering fields (Stripling and Simmons 2016). The main purpose of robotic education is to present an inclusive curriculum by integrating science with technology. Further, robotics is used to ensure that learning is permanent and meaningful by reducing technology to a learning environment and integrating information into daily life (Wood 2003). A review of literature on robotics has revealed that robotics shows itself as an element that enriches educational environments with technology (Cameron 2005; Gibbon 2007; Koç and Büyük 2015). Students gain experience by thinking and practicing and start to explore the uniqueness of robots (Yang et al. 2008). According to Cameron (2005), the educational technology process is getting faster with the integration of robotics into different disciplines. Different projects and studies are carried out in many countries, especially on educational robots (Costa and Fernandes 2004; Webb et al. 2017). At the same time, several articles and theses are published regarding this (e.g. Cameron 2005; Balanskat and Engelhardt 2015; Webb et al. 2017).