China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Introduction
Published in Shoogo Ueno, Tsukasa Shigemitsu, Bioelectromagnetism, 2022
Shoogo Ueno, Tsukasa Shigemitsu
The advancement in understanding the relationship between electromagnetism and physiology is creating non-invasive methods for medical treatment. Bioelectromagnetism and electromagnetic fields play important roles in biomedical engineering. Electromagnetic fields have a strong potential for medical and therapeutic applications. These applications include the use of pulsed magnetic fields, low-frequency electric and magnetic fields and radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. Shortwave and microwave diathermies have already been used.
Air Sampling Instrumentation Options
Published in Martha J. Boss, Dennis W. Day, Air Sampling and Industrial Hygiene Engineering, 2020
Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produced by computer terminals, cellular phones, electric blankets, and power lines can be measured. Microwave radiation, whether used for communication, electron wave propulsion, or food warming, can also be measured.
Safety Guidelines for Electromagnetic Field Exposure and Mobile Towers
Published in Jitendra Behari, Radio Frequency and Microwave Effects on Biological Tissues, 2019
Different scientific committees from several national and international organizations have developed the safety guidelines for electromagnetic field exposure. The most relevant of these organizations are the International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP 1998, 2010) and the Standards suggested by coordinating Committee 28 (SCC28) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE 2005). These committees constantly monitor scientific literature and reports in order to tune exposure limits based on the effects that the scientific community has established. These limits are under constant revision and as such the guidelines are also under revision (ICNIRP1998; ICNIRP 2010; IEEE 1992). To protect people from EMF overexposure, ICNIRP and IEEE have defined limits. In the radiofrequencies domain, an exposure to EMF is quantified by the specific absorption rate (SAR) (expressed in watts per kilogram). The basic restrictions (BR) are the fundamental limits expressed in terms of the whole-body averaged SAR (WBSAR) as well as local SAR averaged on 1 or 10 g of tissues.
Simultaneous switching noise mitigation in high speed pcb using novel planar EBG structure
Published in International Journal of Electronics, 2023
Unwanted electromagnetic waves include radio waves, infrared, microwaves, X-rays, ultraviolet, light and gamma rays. Electromagnetic radiation may cause electrical circuits to malfunction or degrade performance. Aside from that, the EMF created by communications, electrical appliances, medical equipment and other devices that use digital and high-speed signals may surely harm human health. High exposure to electromagnetic fields may increase the risk of cancer, brain tumours, neurological and physiological difficulties by affecting human nerve activity. Some of the standard organisations which define the emission limit are IEC-International Electrotechnical Commission, CISPR-International Special Committee on Radio Interference, IEEE – Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, ISO – International Organization for Standardisation, BIS – Bureau of Indian Standards, JAS – Japanese Standards Association etc.
Deposition of electrically-conductive polyaniline/ferrite nanoparticles onto the polypropylene nonwoven for the development of an electromagnetic interference shield material
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2022
Ali Erdem Yörük, Meryem Kalkan Erdoğan, Meral Karakışla, Mehmet Saçak
EMI is emitted in waves containing natural or artificial frequency components in a wide range from low power frequencies such as radio to the microwave region and negatively affects electrical devices' performance. It occurs between communication, automation, business control unit and causes valuable time, energy, and resource loss. The damages of EMI are not limited to electronic devices but also pose a risk to human health. For example, if a person is exposed to electromagnetic waves, vascular networks may be affected due to the accumulation of heat in sensitive organs such as the eye, which cannot be easily removed (Jagatheesan et al., 2014; Lai et al., 2007). It has been reported that it increases leukemia and other types of cancer and even causes short-term infertility when exposed to low-intensity electromagnetic (EM) waves (French et al., 2001). Considering these damages of EMI, it is noteworthy to take cautions against EMI. The EMI shielding process limits the electromagnetic fields' direction to space with a barrier made up of conductive materials (Maity et al., 2013; Moon et al., 2013). Electromagnetic waves consist of electric and magnetic fields that oscillate vertically towards each other and the growth direction of energy. These electric and magnetic fields of electromagnetic waves can be captured by reflection and absorption, and protection against EMI can be provided. Therefore, a conductive material against EMI ensures shielding by reflection at low frequencies and absorption at high frequencies requiring more attention (Jagatheesan et al., 2014).
Design and Study of Novel Tunable ELF-PEMF System for Therapeutic Applications
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Himani Kohli, Sangeeta Srivastava, Manan Oza, Satish Chouhan, Shivani Verma, Anju Bansal, Bhuvnesh Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar Sharma
The therapeutic applications of the system can be exploited in the field of orthopedics for the treatment of non-union fractures and failed fusions. Electromagnetic field of low frequency and low field strength also act as a medical aid in various fields, such as neural regeneration, improving blood circulation, reducing depression, treatment of multiple sclerosis, orthopedic abnormalities, reduction of pain in fibromyalgia, and wound healing. Wound can be defined as a disruption of the skin surface which eventually damages the dermal layers and exposes it to various types of infection. Wounds can be classified into acute and chronic wounds according to the time of healing. Non-healing wounds as a result of ischemia, diabetes mellitus, and venous stasis are more prone to infections. Wound healing is a dynamic process which not only involves skin cell components, such as endothelial cells, keratinocytes, platelets, fibroblasts but also activates many growth factors and pathways [4]. Clinical studies done so far suggest the significant benefit of healing of diabetic foot ulcers in the PEMF-exposed group as compared to the control group [7].