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Applications of Nanomaterials
Published in Rajendra Kumar Goyal, Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites, 2017
Membrane of expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) with pores of <1 μm diameter allows water vapor (or sweat) to penetrate the material but prevents the passage of liquid. This makes them more comfortable to wear by maintaining the body's natural thermoregulatory function. Similarly, high-performance moisture-wicking fabrics worn next to the skin transport perspiration away from the body to the outside of the garment where it can more quickly evaporate. It is even possible to maintain constant body temperature using phase change materials (PCMs) which absorb, store, and release heat as the material changes phase from solid to liquid and back to solid. The microencapsulated PCMs can be applied as a finishing on fabrics or infused into fibers during the manufacturing process. Several companies have commercialized smart textiles such as shock-absorbing shocks, Knee Sleeve, keyboard, light-emitting diodes integrated fabric, etc. [45].
Fabrication of laminated composite filter with nonwoven fabrics for oil/water separation
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2023
Fan Peng, Wenhua Ma, Yongmeng Zhang, Yangyi Chen, Huan Qi, Chuyang Zhang
In composite filter, hydrophilic viscose spunlace was selected as the core layer aiming to provide water absorption, which helped water molecules passing through the SMS layer and further stripping from the mixture (Wang et al., 2016; Yang et al., 2019). Citrate was extensively employed in food processing and textile manufacturing for its excellent hygroscopicity, such as for anti-wrinkle finishing on cotton fabrics (Qi et al., 2016; Wei et al., 2018). Hence sodium citrate was selected to dispose viscose spunlace fibers and improve their hygroscopicity. Influence of moisture absorption of modified viscose fibers on separation efficiency was illustrated in Figure 8. The wicking height of raw viscose was 10.5cm which resulted in a separation efficiency of 95.6%. After hydrophilic finishing with 1.0% citrate (w/w), moisture wicking height reached to 13.2cm and the separation efficiency came to 96.8%. The rise of citrate concentration led to a consequent increase in hygroscopicity and a subsequent growth in water recovery ratio, achieving an optimum of 98.9% at 3.0%. The core wicking height increased further after citrate 3.0%, but the separation efficiency changed slightly. The separation efficiency was also influenced by the hygroscopicity of core layer.
Contact force within electrospun nanofiber core-spun yarns and moisture management ability of their fabrics
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2022
Ning Mao, Hui Peng, Xiaohong Qin, Jianyong Yu
In this work, we designed a novel experiment to investigate the contact force between the nanofiber layer and microfiber layer in nanofiber core-spun yarns. Three different yarns (polyester, acrylic and cotton yarn) were applied to prepare nanofiber core-spun yarns by using an electrospinning nanofiber yarn technology. According to the experimental data analysis, fiber polarity and hairiness of core yarns showed an obviously positive correlation with the contact force. 16 Ne Acylic@NFs yarns obtained a maximum specific contact force of 144 N/m2. Moreover, wetting properties of these nanofiber core-spun yarns were investigated. The high capillary pressure and large surface area of nanofiber layer served to promote wicking height and water evaporation. Furthermore, the nanofiber core-spun yarn-based fabrics showed an enhanced moisture management performance and moisture wicking ability. Consequently, nanofiber core-spun yarns exhibited favorable mechanical properties and had enormous potential applications in moisture wicking function and wet comfort.
Challenges and design opportunities in prototyping seamless knitted apparel: a case study
Published in International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 2021
Adriana Gorea, Fatma Baytar, Eulanda A. Sanders
Function integration. Most seamless garments are functional close-to-skin garments that require specific user profiling. Issues such as fit, fabric feel, comfort, and mobility are thoroughly discussed after fit sessions. Trial and error iterations are requited from the knitting technician, but often he is not attending the fitting sessions to correctly identify the wearers’ issues. Specific functions integrated into seamless garments are: ventilation, mobility, impact absorption, moisture wicking, posture control, cooling, conductivity, compression, water repellency, and breast encapsulation. Some of these functions require engineering at the stitch level, others involved selecting special fibres, yarns, and applying special treatments in the wet processing stage. Designers have a diversity of pre-conceived solutions for specific functional problems. Communication during the problem-solving process presents issues such as information description (graphics, interpretation, colour-coding, comparisons, and analogies), as well as information management (information transfer, documentation, decision making).