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The WELL® Building Standard
Published in Traci Rose Rider, Margaret van Bakergem, Building for Well-Being, 2021
Traci Rose Rider, Margaret van Bakergem
While most preconditions and optimizations in the Water Concept address water that is to be ingested or is for personal hygiene, two do not. Moisture Management and Onsite Non-Potable Water Reuse speak to the importance of water found in building systems. Moisture Management addresses the impact of unwanted moisture on human health through indoor air quality by looking at how the building envelope and interior spaces address moisture management, as well as establishing a plan for inspections around moisture management and having a mitigation and repair plan ready if needed. By focusing on moisture management during design, construction, and operations, the project can mediate impacts of mold, mildew, and other pests. These impacts are often seen as asthma or respiratory infections. The Onsite Non-Potable Water Reuse optimization is less directly connected to human health, but instead links human health to environmental health by advocating for water reuse to lighten the load on city-wide water infrastructure.
Functionality and Thermophysiological Comfort of Firefighter Protective Clothing
Published in Guowen Song, Faming Wang, Firefighters’ Clothing and Equipment, 2018
We collated the physical parameters and the thermal, vapor, and liquid moisture transfer properties of the textile layers of Generation I and IV clothing and evaluated their thermophysiological comfort attributes. We estimated the areal weight of fabrics by calculating the mean mass per unit area of five specimens (AS 2001.2.13—Standards Australia 1987). We measured the thickness of material samples and their structures using the distance between the reference plate and parallel presser foot of the thickness tester (AS 2001.2.15—Standards Australia 1989). We measured component fabric density as the number of warp yarns and weft yarns per centimeter in an accurately measured length of fabric (AS 2001.2.5—Standards Australia 1991). We tested the air permeability of fabrics by measuring the air flow rate through them (ISO 9237-1995). We evaluated the fabrics’ moisture management properties with a Moisture Management Tester used according to AATCC Test Method 195–2009 (AATCC 195-2011, 2009). A series of indices were defined and calculated: top absorption rate (ARt), bottom absorption rate (ARb), top maximum wetted radius (MWRt), bottom maximum wetted radius (MWRb), top spreading speed (SSt), bottom spreading speed (SSb), accumulative one-way transport index (AOTI), and overall moisture management capacity (OMMC) (Hu, Li, Yeung, Wong, & Xu 2005). The reported OMMC is an index indicating the overall capacity of the fabric to manage the transport of liquid moisture, which includes three aspects: ARb, AOTI, and SSb (Yao, Li, Hu, Kwok, & Yeung 2006).
Sustainable processing of cotton fabrics with plant-based biomaterials Sapindus mukorossi and Acacia concinna for health-care applications
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2021
The 100% calico cotton fabric specified in Table 1, was sourced from The Phoenix Calico, United Kingdom. The natural herbs Areetha nut and Shikakai pure extract powders were from Sheetal Ayurveda, India. Bio-enzymes were from Novozymes, Denmark. The process of further extraction and soaping cotton fabrics with an herbal solution was carried out in distilled water. Traditional scouring of the cotton fabric was accomplished with NaOH solution in distilled water. Mathis jig machine and pyro-tech 2000 were utilized to execute the cotton scouring experiment. Moisture management tester (MMT) was utilized for testing wettability. Vickerman and Gilmore’s techniques of surface analysis were performed at the University of Leeds using ToF SIM’s instrument by Lucideon materials technology (Vickerman, 1997).
Thermal comfort characteristics of bi-layer knitted fabrics for sportswear
Published in International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education, 2018
The clothing to be worn should allow the perspiration to be transferred to the atmosphere in order to maintain the thermal balance of the body (Das, Das, Kothari, Fanguiero, & de Araujo, 2007; Das, Shabaridharan, & Biswas, 2011). In either case of the liquid or vapour form of moisture, when it is not effectively transported through the fabric surface, thermal comfort and heat stress will be aggravated. Thus, moisture management properties of a fabric are critical to the wearer's comfort, especially for sportswear and protective garments in which intensive physical activities occur (Kwon, Kim, Moon, & Park, 2017; Onofrei, Rocha, & Catarino, 2011; Sathish Babu, Senthilkumar, & Senthilkumar, 2015; Supuren, Oglakcioglu, Ozdil, & Marmarali, 2011).
Moisture management and antimicrobial performance of collagen peptide enriched knitted fabrics
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2021
Ali Serkan Soydan, Gizem Karakan Günaydin, Haluk Ergezer, Sema Palamutcu
Moisture management is about sweat transportation mechanism from skin surface and its evaporation to atmosphere beside fabric weight control mechanism with prevention of moisture increase on textile surface (Onofrei et al., 2011; Ramkumar et al., 2007) . Surficial contact of liquids with a textile material can be explained with surface wetting, liquid transfer into fibre groups, adsorption or diffusion mechanisms of liquid through the fibre bundle (Kissa, 1996; Sharabaty et al., 2008).