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Designing for Lower Torso and Leg Anatomy
Published in Karen L. LaBat, Karen S. Ryan, Human Body, 2019
Medical textiles may need antimicrobial treatments to kill bacteria and control spread of disease (Sun, 2016). As an example, in addition to avoiding occlusive textiles or textiles irritating to the skin, persons with atopic dermatitis (see Section 2.8.5) may benefit from wearing garments incorporating silver nanoparticles—to reduce problems of secondary skin infections (Mobolaji-Lawal & Nedorost, 2015). However, such interventions may have unintended consequences. Kaweeteerawat, Na Ubol, Sangmuang, Aueviriyavit, and Maniratanachote (2017) report development of resistance to multiple antibiotics in common bacteria exposed to silver nanoparticles and emphasize the need for the judicious use of silver nanoparticle technology in consumer products. Use of antimicrobial treatments beyond critical necessity raises the risk of creating epidemics due to “super bugs,” microbes highly resistant to known antibiotic treatments.
Functionalization of cotton fabric with chitosan microspheres containing triclosan
Published in Gianni Montagna, Cristina Carvalho, Textiles, Identity and Innovation: Design the Future, 2018
L.G. Magalhães, C.S.A. de Lima, S.M. da Costa, A.C.S. Santos, S.A. da Costa
Medical textiles represent a segment of technical textiles and are structures developed for use within the medical field. They play an important role in this field, and can be found in many applications, from surgical masks to artificial organs. They are divided into three categories (Araújo et al. 2001):Surgical textiles (includes all products and materials – implantable, non-implantable and protective – used in surgeries);Textiles for extra body systems (artificial organs);Hygiene and health products (surgical, protective clothing, bedding, etc.).
Applications of smart polymers in emerging areas
Published in Badal Jageshwar Prasad Dewangan, Maheshkumar Narsingrao Yenkie, Novel Applications in Polymers and Waste Management, 2018
U. V. Gaikwad, A. R. Chaudhari, S. V. Gaikwad
The expanding field of medical textiles comprise all textile products that contribute to improving human health and well-being, protecting us against bacteria and infection, providing external support for injured skin, promoting the healing of wounds, and replacing injured and diseased tissues and organs. SPs can provide diversified and multifunctional options for design and fabrication. Some important advantages of these medical textiles are discussed in the following sections.
Silk fibroin coated antimicrobial textile medical products
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2021
K. Murugesh Babu, N. Sahana, D. V. Anitha, B. S. Kavya
Combination of textile technology and medical sciences has resulted in a new field called medical textiles. A number of crucial issues regarding medical textiles especially healthcare and hygiene products have been identified and debated amongst clinicians, environmentalists, drug companies, etc., for a long time (Anand, 2006). The issues such as use of natural fibres and their merits and demerits against chemical or manufactured fibres; disposable medical products against reusable or durable fabrics; antibacterial or antimicrobial fibres (fibres with inherent anti-microbial properties) against such finishes or coating for infection control; and the method of disposal of clinical waste, i.e. landfill against incineration and other forms of medical and clinical waste disposal, are constantly being discussed in most relevant for and conferences across the globe. Textile products are used in medical and healthcare sector in various forms. The complexity of applications has increased with research and developments in the area of medical textiles. The surgical gown, operating room garments and drapes require special antibacterial properties combined with the wearer’s comfort. Other major uses of medical textiles are incontinence diapers, sanitary napkins and baby diapers, wound dressing, bandages and swabs are also widely used conventional medical textiles (Senthil Kumar, 2008).
Surface coatings of polyester fabrics using titanium dioxide and zinc oxide for multifunctional medical applications
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2022
Rehab A. Abdelghaffar, Dina M. Hamoda, Doaa H. Elgohary
The growth of microorganisms on textile products causes a number of undesirable effects not only on the textile itself, but also on the wearer, resulting in undesirable odor, dermal contamination, allergic reaction, stains, fabric discoloration and degradation of the product. Textiles not only serve as substrates for microbial growth, but also act as active agents in microbe propagation (Murugesh Babu & Ravindra, 2015; Radhika, 2019). Due to the increasing public understanding of the risks of microbial contamination there is a rising demand for products that have antimicrobial properties (Radhika, 2019). Most of the textiles currently used in hospitals are conducive to cross-infection or transmission of microorganism-induced diseases, especially those caused by bacteria and fungi. In view of this, it has become increasingly necessary to prevent microbial growth and this requires the production of textiles that could provide the required antimicrobial impact (Joshi et al., 2009), and are finished with antimicrobial agents (Murugesh Babu & Ravindra, 2015). In recent years, textiles have been used in different sectors and for various novel purposes attention has been given to medical textiles. Medical textiles are fiber-based products used in medical, hygiene, and health sectors (Akter et al., 2014), which result from the combination of medical science and textile technology (Elgohary et al., 2015). Medical textiles are generally one of the most advanced applications of technical textiles, which describe the growing variety of products and manufacturing techniques being developed primarily for their technical properties (Elgohary & Elamaim, 2018; Elgohary et al., 2015). Technical textiles are characterized by their porosity, durability, strength and flexibility, as they were designed to achieve distinctive requirements according to textile parameters used such as material, yarn count, weave structure, and twist factors for warp and weft yarns (Elgohary et al., 2019; Fayed et al., 2021).
AgCl-TiO2/dendrimer-based nanoparticles for superhydrophobic and antibacterial multifunctional textiles
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2023
Multifunctionality involving antibacterial and superhydrophobic activities has crucial importance for nonwoven medical surfaces. This is because medical textiles preserve human health and wellbeing by acting as a barrier against disease, infection, and harmful organisms. These materials assist in the healing of wounds and the replacement or support of unclean or injured bodily components. In hospitals, gowns, sheets, masks, and other medical fabrics are used for these purposes (Thilagavathi & Kannaian, 2008). Pathogens can infect medical personnel and patients through blood or other bodily fluids. As a result, medical textile goods that come into close contact with human skin should not get wet or allow liquid to pass through the fabric and should exhibit antibacterial efficiency against these pathogens (Lee et al., 1999; Shirvan & Nouri, 2020). For water repellency applications, there has been also a seeking for alternatives to polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) because of the safety issues. Alternative durable water repellents are classified into four main groups: side-chain fluorinated polymers, hydrocarbons, silicones, and others (dendrimer, inorganic nanoparticles, etc.) (Holmquist et al., 2016). Dendritic polymers are novel macromolecular polymers, which have three main parts: the outer layer, inner layer and core. The inner layer is connected with the core and the outer layer via inner voids and channels. Core connected channels are formed from repeating radial branches. The outer layer has a specialized functional end group (Unocalchem, 2020). Methyl side groups have hydrophobic characteristics and low intermolecular forces. By this way, they lower the surface tension (Owen, 1989). Atav and Barış Atav and Bariş, Atav and Bariş, (2016) achieved water repellency on cotton fabric via the padding method, utilizing dendrimeric polymers and fluorocarbon. Namligoz et al. Namligoz et al., Namligoz et al., (2009) used fluorocarbon, dendrimer containing fluorocarbon, nanosilica and conventional coating agents on cotton fabric via the padding method and accomplish the water repellent surface as a result of study. Dendritic polymers are also used for many other purposes. Staneva et al. (2020) studied anionic poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer for antibacterial cotton fabric coating via immersing, washing and drying sequences. Akbari et al. (2021) electrospinned lignin with polyamidoamine dendritic polymer (PAMAM) blends as nanofiber mats for thermal and mechanical characteristic enhancement. These nanofibers have the potential to use as filtration and controlled release. Silver (Ag) has been used for antibacterial purposes for a very long time. So, Ag and silver chloride (AgCl) particles are used for antibacterial textile application (Spielman-Sun et al., 2018; Yıldız & Değirmencioğlu, 2015). Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is also used for antibacterial textile coating. It serves as a photocatalyst for microbial organisms’ and organic compounds’ decomposition (Montazer et al., 2011; Kangwansupamonkon et al., 2009).