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Concepts and Inputs
Published in Henry C. Thorne, Julian A. Piekarski, Techniques for Capital Expenditure Analysis, 1995
Henry C. Thorne, Julian A. Piekarski
Prior to 1978 , the producer’s price index (PPI) was known as the wholesale price index. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) changed the name to reflect the character of this index more accurately, since the PPI is a much better measure of inflation than its name implies. Included in its sample are goods for ultimate sale to both consumers and businesses, as well as the intermediate products and raw materials needed to produce their final goods.
An integrated robust replenishment/production/distribution policy under inventory inaccuracy
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2018
In the raw material replenishment process, the manufacturer orders raw materials from suppliers according to the demand of production. The decisions in this process are the reorder time and quantity for each kind of raw materials. It is assumed that different raw materials are ordered from different suppliers. In the production process, raw materials are processed into final goods on their own processing routes. The decisions in this process are the priorities of operations and production capacity assignment for each machine in each period. In the distribution process, final goods are delivered to the retailers to meet the demands of customers. The decisions in this process are the distribution time, quantity and vehicle routing. The inventory records of raw materials, work-in-process, and final goods in the manufacturer and the retailers are inaccurate. The objective is to develop a robust replenishment/production/distribution policy to minimise the average operation cost of the entire system in the considered time horizon. N types of raw materials are produced to generate N types of final goods by M machines according to their processing routes. Then the final goods are delivered to K geographically dispersed retailers.