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Analytical Devices with Instrument-Free Detection Based on Paper Microfluidics
Published in Raju Khan, Chetna Dhand, S. K. Sanghi, Shabi Thankaraj Salammal, A. B. P. Mishra, Advanced Microfluidics-Based Point-of-Care Diagnostics, 2022
Sasikarn Seetasang, Takashi Kaneta
Colorimetric detection has shown great potential for developing an instrument-free approach because of the ability to determine a result using only the naked eye. Conventional applications with paper substrates use test paper strips and immunochromatography (lateral flow immunoassay) that produces qualitative or semi-quantitative results based on the color change in the device. However, some analyses such as pH, glucose, and contaminated metals require more quantitative answers than a simple yes/no. Therefore, a color chart/scale has been widely developed for estimating the concentration by comparing the obtained color on the test strip using a provided color chart as a reference. This type of test strip has been successfully applied to daily life diagnoses such as that seen in ketosis test strips, glucose test strips, and diabetes test strips.
Test Methods for Testing Biodegradability of Lubricants
Published in Girma Biresaw, K.L. Mittal, Surfactants in Tribology, 2017
Ben Müller-Zermini, Gerhard Gaule, Girma Biresaw, K.L. Mittal
In the case of a primary degradation test method, the observer would regard only the reactant molecules as not degraded. Therefore, the test method would need a specific analytical method that is able to detect only the sample molecules. This could be, for example, an enzymatic test such as a glucose test strip for measurement of glucose. In contrast to this, CEC-L-103-12 [2] and CEC-L-33-A-93 [3] use selective analytical methods that can detect all organic compounds that have C–H bonds. In the Coordinating European Council (CEC) test methods, not only the sample molecules are regarded as not degraded but also the nonvolatile, oil-soluble intermediates. Although the CEC test methods are often called “primary degradation tests,” they do not measure primary degradation according to the original definition.
Quality prediction through machine learning for the inspection and manufacturing process of blood glucose test strips
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2022
Ching-Shih Tsou, Christine Liou, Longsheng Cheng, Hanting Zhou
The test strips of blood glucose are stored in a vial for future use. The variation of glucose monitoring systems comes from four sources: strip factors, physical factors, patient factors, pharmacological factors. Due to the manufacturing process, strip-to-strip and vial-to-vial variation may occur. For example, small changes in enzyme coverage may affect the accuracy of blood glucose system (Ginsberg, 2009). Research on manufacturing of blood glucose test strips or portable meters are not fruitful. However, the meticulous processing of some semiconductors or electronic products is similar to blood glucose test strips. In particular, the manufacturing processes of both wafer and blood glucose strips are to cut circuits piece in piece after etching a whole circuit board (Lin et al., 2004). As a result, some researches on related manufacturing domains are reviewed subsequently to understand how the quality of the products is analysed.