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Published in Philip A. Laplante, Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering, 2018
principle of superposition in a linear electrical network, the voltage or current in any element resulting from several sources acting together is the sum of the voltages or currents from each source acting alone. printed circuit board (PCB) a substrate made from insulating material that has one or more sandwiched metallic conductor layers applied that are etched to form interconnecting traces useful for interconnecting components. printer paper. an output device for printing results on
Linear Circuit Analysis
Published in Richard C. Dorf, Circuits, Signals, and Speech and Image Processing, 2018
Michael D. Ciletti, J. David Irwin, Allan D. Kraus, Norman Balabanian, Theodore A. Bickart, Shu-Park Chan, Norman S. Nise
Mathematically speaking, a linear electrical network or, more generally, a linear system can be described by a set of simultaneous linear equations. Solutions to these equations can be obtained either by the method of successive substitutions (elimination theory), by the method of determinants (Cramer’s rule), or by any of the topological techniques such as Maxwell’s k-tree approach discussed in the preceding subsection and the flowgraph techniques represented by the works of Mason (1953, 1956) and Coates (1959).
Transducer
Published in Francis S. Tse, Ivan E. Morse, Measurement and Instrumentation in Engineering, 2018
Note that a passive electrical network is one that does not contain an energy or power source. An active network contains a power source. In dynamic analysis, however, a constant power source, such as a battery, is omitted from consideration. On the other hand, a photocell is considered an active network, because of the variable external energy supplied for its operation. Thus a self-generating transducer such as a thermocouple should be called active instead of passive. We choose to avoid the controversy in semantics.
Optimal Capacitor Placement for Unbalanced Distribution System using Graph Theory
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2021
The summation of the sth row of is given in Equation (4) The summation of the kth column of is given in Equation (5) Equation (4) represents the electrical closeness centrality whereas Equation (5) represents electrical betweenness centrality. The bus which has the highest closeness connectivity is more suitable for the placement of the capacitor as this bus has the larger impact on the system. If the bus having low closeness centrality is considered for capacitor connection then a much smaller part of the system experienced the positive impact of reactive power injection. If a bus has higher betweenness centrality is considered for capacitor connection, it gives voltage control ability of more number of buses in electrical network compared to any other bus. Both the centrality measures have a significant impact on optimal location identification for capacitor connection. So, the average of both centrality indices is considered to determine the desired location of capacitor connection for each phase.
An Integrated Electromechanical Model of the Fixed-Speed Induction Generator for Turbine-Grid Interactions Analysis
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2018
Da Xie, Wangping Wu, Xitian Wang, Chenghong Gu, Yanchi Zhang, Furong Li
Electrical network consists of a transformer and a transmission line (including the series compensation capacitor). The network is modeled as a RLC part, as shown in [26]. The RLC model is established in x-y reference frame in order to be connected to the mechanical system model. The equations for the per-unit small signal model of RLC model are where iL and uSC denote the current of the inductor and the voltage of the series compensation capacitor, respectively, r = rT + rL, rT is the resistance of the transformer and rL is the resistance of the transmission line; x = xT + xL + xSC, xT is the reactance of the transformer, xL is the reactance of the transmission line, and xSC is the reactance of the series compensation capacitor.
Game theory and hybrid genetic algorithm for energy management and real-time pricing in smart grid: the Tunisian case
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2020
Mohamed Maddouri, Habib Elkhorchani, Khaled Grayaa
In fact, Tunisia is currently developing a modern and smarter electrical network to switch from a traditional electrical system to a smart electrical system capable of integrating renewable production, minimizing energy losses and reducing CO2 emissions (Alqunun, Guesmi, and Farah 2020; Dorahaki et al. 2019; Elkhorchani and Grayaa 2016; Worighi et al. 2019). The Tunisian power grid will be developed into a combination of interconnected microgrids (Ali, Raisz, and Mahmoud 2018; Reddy 2017; Vakili, Afsharnia, and Golshannavaz 2018). Therefore, many challenges will arise, such as the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources and the unforeseeable nature of customer demand (Bahceci et al. 2017; Belgana, Rimal, and Maier 2014; Hakimi et al. 2020).