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Sources and Characteristics
Published in David H.F. Liu, Béla G. Lipták, Wastewater Treatment, 2020
Larry W. Canter, Negib Harfouche
Clean technology, pollution prevention, and waste minimization are technical and managerial activities that can reduce the pollution emissions from industrial operations (Freeman et al. 1992; Hirschhorn and Oldenburg 1991; and Office of Technology Assessment 1986). Clean technology refers to applying technical processes to minimize waste material from the processes themselves (Johansson 1992). Pollution prevention relates to approaches that prevent pollution from occurring, including the incorporation of clean technology. Other housekeeping and conservation practices can be included in pollution prevention. Waste minimization tries to minimize negative impacts on the environment by reducing the amount of waste material from operations. Such waste reductions include applying pollution control technologies, chemical substitutions, clean technologies, and other activities that minimize the waste generated.
Detoxification of Biomedical Waste
Published in Ram Chandra, R.C. Sobti, Microbes for Sustainable Development and Bioremediation, 2019
Bamidele Tolulope Odumosu, Tajudeen Akanji Bamidele, Olumuyiwa Samuel Alabi, Olanike Maria Buraimoh
The development of the nonincinerator method of BMW disposal encompasses a robust strategic framework that cut across various aspects of medical waste management with the aim of ensuring maximum environmental and occupational safety as well as economic benefits. Before now, all wastes generated within the different departments of the hospital (wards, pharmacy, operation room, kitchen, etc.) were usually not sorted out but were lumped together to be destroyed in the incinerator. However, the concern for the protection of the environment, public health issues, and cost reduction in the management of medical waste by the nonincineration techniques requires a new framework for handling the wastes being generated within the health facilities, particularly the medical wastes. The main components of this strategic framework are waste minimization and segregation. Waste minimization entails the reduction to the bearest minimum, of wastes that are potentially hazardous and must be disposed of properly. It is of great importance to minimize waste as much as possible, as this will save cost, reduce liability, and enhance regulatory compliance and occupational and environmental safety. Some waste minimization techniques include reduction at source, products that can result in hazardous waste, segregation of similar waste types into different collection units, treatment of wastes for reuse, and recycling of wastes.
A Decision Support for Prioritizing Process Sustainability Tools Using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
Published in Ali Emrouznejad, William Ho, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, 2017
Environmental waste has been referred to as the ninth waste in recent times (Vinodh et al., 2011). Waste minimization aims to reduce wastes from raw material and ingredient use, product loss, water consumption and effluent generation, packaging, factory and office consumables, energy consumption, and other solids. However, reduction of wastes at the source point conserves natural resources; hence, the focus has been shifted toward waste control rather than minimization. Waste minimization is deployed with the help of detailed flow analysis of the identified process. Based on material flow analysis, various wastes throughout the process have been mapped. Then, suitable strategies have been formulated for waste reduction. On the other hand, EoL disposal strategies have been decided based on environmental impact assessment.
Managing post-industrial textile waste: current status and prospects for Sri Lanka
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2021
D. G. K. Dissanayake, Dakshitha Weerasinghe
Most of the firms utilize either synthetic or synthetic blended fabrics for their production, except 100% cotton fabrics that are used to manufacture casual wear such as denim trousers, shirts and jackets. Textile waste quantities for a 6-month period (January 2018–June 2018) were collected from each of the firms and the average waste quantities are summarized and presented in Table 1, which indicates the textile waste quantities generated by each company vary between 10 and 20 tons per month for a production capacity ranging from 8 to 15 million pieces. According to the interview respondents, the quantity of waste generated may depend on a number of factors such as product type, actual production quantities, quality expectations and the fabric utilization. As shown in Table 1, the majority of post-industrial waste consists of synthetic blended materials. While technologies have been developed to recycle synthetic mono-materials such as 100 percent polyester, recycling synthetic blended materials is almost impossible with current technologies. Nevertheless, they are non-biodegradable and cause harmful impacts when disposed in landfills. Therefore, generating massive amounts of post-industrial waste that mainly comprise of blended synthetic materials is a critical issue that needs to be addressed without delay (Dissanayake et al., 2018). New waste management strategies should focus on waste minimisation in the manufacturing process and also the development of reuse/recycling solutions.
Front-end construction waste minimization strategies
Published in Australian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2021
Ken Doust, Gianpiero Battista, Peter Rundle
The construction waste management hierarchy, as outlined by Ferguson (1995), is the optimal approach to developing an initial construction site waste management strategy (Yeheyis et al. 2013; Faniran and Caban 1998). Faniran and Caban (1998, 182–183) found that the primary strategies for construction waste minimisation involved avoiding, eliminating or minimising waste at the source, and reusing or recycling waste materials in order to reduce the quantity of waste that is released into the environment.