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Economy of Engineering-Medicine Education
Published in Lawrence S. Chan, William C. Tang, Engineering-Medicine, 2019
Through data collected or estimated for three major diseases where engineering principles could save healthcare dollars, we showed, based on limited available data, that engineering-medicine education has the potential to help generate healthcare savings and it could be cost-effective from the societal perspective. This analysis revealed relative insensitivity to variation of efficiency of physician effectiveness alone in a one-way sensitivity method, but demonstrated relative sensitivity to combined variation of cost and efficiency of physician effectiveness in a two-way sensitivity analysis. Having determined its potential cost-effectiveness, engineering-medicine education should be appropriate to conduct in a small segment of undergraduate medical schools as a proof of concept project. If successful, it could prove to be a good model for future medical education reform. Since the cost-effectiveness is demonstrated from a societal perspective and not necessarily from a medical college (institutional) perspective, the additional cost for training these engineering-physicians should probably be bored by society which would stand to benefit from this novel path of education.
Machine Learning in Healthcare: Applications, Current Status, and Future Prospects
Published in Monika Mangla, Subhash K. Shinde, Vaishali Mehta, Nonita Sharma, Sachi Nandan Mohanty, Handbook of Research on Machine Learning, 2022
Accuracy of diagnostic rates and quick results are the well-known benefits of AI and ML. Today, increasing costs is one of the important challenges in healthcare. Government and others involved in healthcare always seek cost-effective options. The solutions provided for healthcare should be cost-effective without compromising patient access, delivery of healthcare care resulting in better health outcomes. In this regard, AI and ML have all the required potential to fulfill such demand. The wide and diverse utility of AI in the medical field underlines its long presence over four decades and applications and research is expected to further increase over a while. Considering accuracy and cost efficiency, Al offers the advantage of replication.
Advanced Biomedical Devices
Published in Savaş Kaya, Sasikumar Yesudass, Srinivasan Arthanari, Sivakumar Bose, Goncagül Serdaroğlu, Materials Development and Processing for Biomedical Applications, 2022
The fabrication of medical devices involves mounting the array of sensors to the processor with the decision-making algorithm having a potential communication system. The appropriate placements of all these components with an effectively controlling algorithm make the system serve its purpose. Most of the time, the end users are human objects, which dictates the developed system must be compatible and compliable with the human body. The design must be fabricated in a way to attain high performance at an affordable cost. The cost of medical devices plays a prominent role in achieving affordable and cost-effective health care. Thus, it is imperative to analyze the market size and status of this biomedical device technology.
Factors Influencing Consumer Adoption of Electronic Health Records
Published in Journal of Computer Information Systems, 2022
Neethu Mathai, Tanya McGill, Danny Toohey
Electronic health records (EHRs) are electronic versions of longitudinal individual health records that are easily accessible and can be shared between various stakeholders. They include patient health information such as progress notes, medications, past medical history, immunizations, laboratory data, and radiology reports. In the EHR context, patients can be reframed as “consumers” on the assumption that they have a consumer’s right to select and choose in the health marketplace.2 EHRs have the potential to empower healthcare consumers by providing them with easier access to their health data. This, in turn, allows them to exert more control over their health records and transform their ability to actively engage in their health care. Previous research suggests that improved health outcomes, enhanced quality of life, and delivery of more appropriate, cost-effective services can result when consumers are given access to, and control of, their healthcare information.3
Negative-pressure wound therapy – does it lower the risk of complications with closed wounds following breast surgery?
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Due to health spending constraints, there is an increasing need to demonstrate that new devices improve care and are also cost-effective. A 2019 economic analysis found negative-pressure dressings to be cost-effective compared to standard treatment with fixation-strips [15]. However, the data was collected retrospectively with the majority of the control group data collected in the first 5 years, so other changes in practice or data recording could affect the data. The study also included seroma formation as a complication, which is common after any reconstructive breast surgery with multiple factors affecting its development [16]. A randomized control trial comparing negative pressure to standard care in obese patients undergoing cesarean section found a slight cost-saving, but it did not reach significance [17].
Characterization of cotton fabric nanocomposites with in situ generated copper nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications
Published in Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2018
Sivaranjana Paramasivan, Nagarajan E.R., Rajini Nagarajan, Varada Rajulu Anumakonda, Hariram N.
Nowadays, the advancement of nanomaterials attracts more researchers as well as manufacturers due to their enhanced functional properties like higher surface to volume ratio.[1,2] Especially, the development of ecofriendly products through cost-effective process will be extensively anticipated by the material developers in the field of medical applications. In relation to this, several research works have been carried out toward the medical product development with good antimicrobial activity.[3,4] Accordingly, various metal particles have been reduced to nanosize using various methods to achieve antibacterial activity.[5–7] As a consequence, different natural polymers were also used for the development of Ag- and Cu-based nanocomposite films by using leaf extracts as reducing agents which have been reported by our research group itself.[8–10]