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Rock Forming Minerals
Published in Aurèle Parriaux, Geology, 2018
Before studying all the varieties of rocks we should spend some time describing minerals, the units that make up rocks. Mineralogy is the science of minerals. It is related to inorganic chemistry and petrology, the scientific study and description of rocks.
Formation of Cu–Au porphyry deposits: hydraulic quartz veins, magmatic processes and constraints from chlorine
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2023
G. N. Phillips, J. R. Vearncombe, J. D. Clemens, A. Day, A. F. M. Kisters, B. P. Von der Heyden
The development of any new model naturally follows dissatisfaction with the existing one and will most likely require additional information from fields of geoscience such as modern igneous petrology, rheology and rock mechanics, structural geology, and experimental and theoretical thermodynamics of the aqueous geochemistry of hydrothermal systems. Some early steps that may facilitate a new genetic model would include:integration of modern metamorphic petrological ideas into porphyry copper research, andexpansion of the scale of thinking about deposit classification, to consider both the source and sink for mineralisation rather than different classifications for each variety found in the sink area as in Figure 2.
Abstracts from the early-career researchers virtual International Platinum Symposium, May 2022
Published in Applied Earth Science, 2022
The presented research encompassed traditional meeting themes of igneous petrology and economic geology pertaining to mafic-ultramafic rocks, as well as novel themes of non-conventional platinum-group element repositories and the applications of machine learning in mineral exploration. Several studies focussed on the world-class Bushveld Complex of South Africa, particularly the complex's northern limb which has become one of the world's most exciting exploration frontiers for platinum-group elements, nickel, copper, chromium, and vanadium. The mobility of magmatic sulphide liquids in trans-crustal systems also features in several studies, and more specifically, the roles in which volatile phases may play to facilitate the migration of immiscible sulphide liquid. Lastly, some abstracts focus on petrogenetic aspects of established mafic-ultramafic complexes, such as the Noril'sk-Talnakh, Coldwell, and Stillwater complexes.
Granite suites: a problematic concept?
Published in Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2020
Beyond scientific curiosity, the major reason for conducting studies of igneous petrology is to constrain the ages and compositions of the usually unexposed source rocks for the magmas, and thereby to infer their tectonic histories. Igneous rocks certainly form groups that show spatial, textural, mineralogical, chemical and isotopic similarities. These shared features suggest magma derivation from similar, perhaps related, source rocks, by similar mechanisms, and such groupings are commonly known as suites. The idea of grouping related igneous rocks into a suite has a long pedigree, extending back to Harker (1909). In most works, the term is somewhat informal and is therefore not capitalised – hence ‘suite’ rather than ‘Suite’ (see e.g. Frost et al., 2001). For example, the plutons that make up the Sierra Nevada batholith in California, are grouped into formations and those formations are grouped into what are interpreted as co-magmatic suites that are then given formal names (e.g. the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite; Bateman, 1983, 1992). In Australia, the formal use of the term ‘Suite’, with reference to granitic plutonic rocks, probably found its inspiration in the earlier work of Hine, Williams, Chappell, and White (1978) and White and Chappell (1983). It is this formal usage, and its basis, that we examine and question here.