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Soils, rocks, and groundwater
Published in Rodrigo Salgado, The Engineering of Foundations, Slopes and Retaining Structures, 2022
Knowledge of engineering geology is very important to foundation and geotechnical engineers. This is particularly true for foundations in rock or in residual soils. It is desirable to discuss some of the basic aspects of soil and rock genesis and how they are important in foundation engineering problems. For more comprehensive reading on this topic, see Goodman (1992) or references listed in the Additional references section at the end of the chapter.
Soil Mechanics
Published in P.K. Jayasree, K Balan, V Rani, Practical Civil Engineering, 2021
P.K. Jayasree, K Balan, V Rani
Soil engineering in an applied science dealing with applications of principles of soil mechanics to practical problems. It includes site investigations, design and construction of foundations, earth retaining structures, and earth structures. Geotechnical engineering is a broader term which includes soil engineering, rock mechanics, and geology.
An overview of geotechnical engineering education in Japan
Published in Iacint Manoliu, Ion Antonescu, Nicoleta Rădulescu, Geotechnical Engineering Education and Training, 2020
H. Ohta, H. Sekiguchi, T. Mitachi
Geotechnical engineering is primarily concerned with the performance of geologic materials such as soils and rocks, under a widerange of environmental and loading conditions. This makes the field of geotechnics a truly interdisciplinary one. A good example of this is to apply geotechnical engineering to dealing with the stability of natural slopes (Figure 1). Analyses in terms of traditional limit equilibrium methods will be powerful, yet in most cases they are only a part of the integrated engineering solution required. Safety, amenity, aesthetics and harmonization with the ecosystem are nowadays a coherent set of crucial considerations for slope stability, and in this respect geotechnical engineering should function best through its interdisciplinary nature. In other words, the scope of geotechnical engineering will and should broaden to keep abreast with ever diversifying societal needs.
What can explain groundwater rejuvenation in Gujarat in recent years?
Published in International Journal of Water Resources Development, 2019
M. Dinesh Kumar, Chris J Perry
Geology has a very significant influence on groundwater level fluctuations in response to hydrological stresses such as recharge and abstraction (Kumar, 2007). It is well known that there is wide heterogeneity in aquifer characteristics across the state of Gujarat. Saurashtra mainly has basalt (90%); the mainland of north and central Gujarat mainly has deep alluvium; south Gujarat has alluvium on the western side and crystalline rocks in the eastern parts; and Kachchh has a mix of different geological formations, including coastal alluvium and basalt and sedimentary formation (IRMA/UNICEF, 2001). The groundwater level change in a hard rock area is not comparable with that in alluvial formations due to sharp differences in specific yield of aquifers. For example, a 100 mm recharge in alluvial north Gujarat would result in a water level rise of 50–60 cm in wells (with an effective porosity of 17–20% or so), whereas in the hard rock area of Saurashtra (with an effective porosity of 0.02), the water level rise would be on the order of 5 m, almost 10 times as much (based on Kumar & Singh, 2008).
Digitisation, sustainability, and disruption – promoting a more balanced debate on risk in the geotechnical community
Published in Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards, 2020
Sukumar Pathmanandavel, Charles John MacRobert
In considering structures built on, within or of the ground, geotechnical engineers deal with uncertainties related to understanding geomaterials (soils, rocks) and geologic processes to provide solutions with a quantitative prediction of performance. While much work is still required to develop this technical understanding, this paper attempts to steer the geotechnical community to consider and debate some of the “big and messy” problems in the world.