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Mining cities and sustainable development
Published in Natalia Yakovleva, Edmund Nickless, Routledge Handbook of the Extractive Industries and Sustainable Development, 2022
Maria Amélia Enriquez, Marcello Veiga, João Gustavo Gouveia Loureiro
Mining can generate local economic benefits that include: tax collection (Enríquez, 2008, ECLAC, 2013), local income growth, expansion of mining lateral economic activities, job growth and infrastructure to support mining, such as roads, rural electrification, basic sanitation, equipment such as hospitals, schools etc. which generate local benefits (Enríquez, 2008; Ejdemo and Soderholm, 2011; Zeng et al., 2016).
Bioremediation of Potentially Toxic Metals by Microorganisms and Biomolecules
Published in Ram Naresh Bharagava, Sandhya Mishra, Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Rijuta Ganesh Saratale, Luiz Fernando Romanholo Ferreira, Bioremediation, 2022
Luciana Maria Saran, Bárbara Bonfá Buzzo, Cinara Ramos Sales, Lucia Maria Carareto Alves, Renan Lieto Alves Ribeiro
The mining industry utilizes processes such as drilling, extraction and processing techniques for the extraction of minerals for commercial use. Waste is generated during all stages of the mining. Mining industry waste can be solid, aqueous or paste waste that remains deposited on the ground and can be a major source of contamination and environmental damage. Soils contaminated by mining waste can leach large amounts of heavy metals that are considered one of the worst environmental contaminants, as they can trigger hazardous metal contamination of large amounts of land at long distances from the source of contamination.
Green mining – use of hydraulic backfill in the Velenje Coal Mine
Published in Ferri Hassani, Jan Palarski, Violetta Sokoła-Szewioła, Grzegorz Strozik, Minefill 2020-2021, 2021
Mining in the future need to be ecologically sustainable and economically effective. By establishing of closed ecological and technological circle of extraction, processing or energy transformation and returning mining waste materials into excavated open space it is possible to organize environment friendly, sustainable metal/non-metal/coal mining or circle economy in mining industry. By depositing mining waste into open underground spaces, earth surface can be disburdened. Suitable underground locations should take existing natural barriers into account otherwise some technical measures have to be taken to protect surrounding formation against adverse impact. The good results of this research should assure by selection of appropriate waste materials for suspensions preparation, transportation and deposition by proper technology. The perspective of coal mining in the Slovenia and in the world is mainly related to the introduction of environmentally friendly technologies into extraction and conversion into electricity. Given the fact that the content of ash and free sulfur in Slovenian coal is relatively high, it is necessary to take appropriate care of the products of combustion and flue gas cleaning during energy conversion in the Šoštanj Thermal Power plant. Use or return of large quantities of waste materials generated during the extraction and conversion of coal into electricity in excavated cave spaces significantly reduces the impact of excavation on the surface, improves the stress-strain state in the rock around the excavation and at the same time eliminates the load on landfills.
Mined land suitability assessment: a semi-quantitative approach based on a new classification of post-mining land uses
Published in International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 2021
Sina Amirshenava, Morteza Osanloo
Mining of metals and minerals helps to supply the raw materials, economic growth, creating job opportunities directly and indirectly, and developing substructures, leading to human development. Despite these benefits, mining activities have some negative impacts on the surrounding area (e.g. water, air, and soil pollution, landscape degradation, damage to flora and fauna, etc.), which threaten the achievement of Sustainable Development (SD) goals entirely [1,2]. One of the main principles of modern-mining is trying to make mining activities more sustainable. In the modern-mining life-cycle, the post-mining stage (mine closure and reclamation) is regarded as the most important stage to perform responsible mining and achieve the SD goals [3]. In the recent century, human demand for high-quality life and consequently requesting a better environment has increased. As a result, Post-Mining Land-Use (PMLU) planning has become important and is considered one of the crucial stages of mine planning to obtain sustainable mining operations (Figure 1).
Integration of mathematical models for ore mining industry
Published in International Journal of Systems Science: Operations & Logistics, 2019
Currently, there are many challenges facing open-pit ore mining industry such as increasing mining costs, shrinking mineable reserves, declining ore grades and enlightening environmental protection awareness (Wetherelt & Van Der Wielen, 2011). It is a tendency that most open-pit mines become larger and larger in scale. A large-scale open-pit mine is becoming an increasingly complex and interdependent system that should be optimised by careful coordination, management and harmonisation of its individual elements. In this section, to address these challenges, a series of strategic-level (long-term) MDP, tactical-level (mid-term) MBS and operational-level (short-term) MPS models are developed and integrated in a system to achieve the overall mining efficiency improvement.
Review of Solution Methodologies for Open Pit Mine Production Scheduling Problem
Published in International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 2021
Karo Fathollahzadeh, Mohammad Waqar Ali Asad, Elham Mardaneh, Mehmet Cigla
Mining is the process that accounts for safe and economic extraction of mineral resources through surface or underground operations. Once the existence of a mineral resource or an orebody is established, exploratory drill-holes provide samples for geological, geotechnical and metallurgical interpretation. Geological interpretation coupled with geostatistical modelling techniques [1]: (i) reveal the size, shape, depth and orientation of the orebody; (ii) divide the whole extent of the orebody into thousands of fixed-size mining blocks; and then (iii) designate estimated or simulated values of the qualitative (mineral grade or metal content) and quantitative (tonnes) information with respect to each mining block. This three-dimensional (3D) block-by-block representation of the orebody with an estimate of the available grade and tonnage assigned to each mining block is defined as an orebody model or geological model. Applicable economic and technical inputs such as commodity price, operating costs and metallurgical recoveries then convert this orebody model into an economic block model with a dollar ($) value assigned to each mining block. A positive economic value classifies a mining block as an ore (valuable material that generates profit) block and alternatively, a negative economic value categorises a mining block as a waste block. An economic block model that constitutes thousands of ore and waste blocks becomes the basic input to the strategic mine planning process that defines the: (i) mining method (surface vs. underground); (ii) the size or extent of mining, and; (iii) the sequence of extraction; the strategic mine planning, thus, establishes the feasibility or overall economy by maximising the discounted value of future cash flows over the life of mining operation.