China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Expansion Joints
Published in Subhash Reddy Gaddam, Design of Pressure Vessels, 2020
The function of expansion joints is to provide flexibility for thermal expansion, and the expansion joints are also able to function as a pressure-containing element. In all vessels with integral expansion joints, the hydrostatic end force caused by pressure (pressure thrust) and/or the joint spring force shall be resisted by adequate restraint elements (e.g., exchanger tubes, external restraints, anchors, etc.). For large ducts and significant pressure, thrust is considerable and tie rods are provided in case supports either side of expansion joint cannot take the pressure thrust. Care should be taken to ensure that any torsion loads applied to expansion joints are kept to a minimum to prevent high shear stresses due to the lower thickness of bellows.
Expansion Joints
Published in Wai-Fah Chen, Lian Duan, Bridge Engineering Handbook, 2019
Expansion joints must accommodate movements produced by concrete shrinkage and creep, post-tensioning shortening, thermal variations, dead and live loads, wind and seismic loads, and structure settlements. Concrete shrinkage, post-tensioning shortening, and thermal variations are generally taken into account explicitly in design calculations. Because of uncertainties in predicting, and the increased costs associated with accommodating large displacements, seismic movements are usually not explicitly included in calculations.
Critical factors in minimizing total life cycle costs of bridge expansion joints
Published in Nigel Powers, Dan M. Frangopol, Riadh Al-Mahaidi, Colin Caprani, Maintenance, Safety, Risk, Management and Life-Cycle Performance of Bridges, 2018
G. Pope, J. Creighton, V.V. Ghodke
The quality and appropriateness of a bridge expansion joint has great effects on the resulting service life, a high quality joint, selected properly for instance in which it is used, can last for 40 or more years before requiring replacement. Cheaper or poorly selected joints are likely to deteriorate and require repair or replacement much earlier.
Life-cycle environmental and economic benefits of jointless bridges considering climate change
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2023
Chengcheng Shi, Yuanfeng Wang, Baochun Chen, Yinshan Liu, Kai Li, Wei Luo
This trend is more evident under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, where the design expansion allowance for expansion joints increases even more. Considering that the life span of expansion joints is limited, periodic maintenance and replacement is unavoidable. In order to better adapt to the impacts of climate change, in this study, the expansion joints with a higher allowable expansion capacity for subsequent periodic replacements will be selected for bridge A. The design expansion allowance of bridges B’s expansion joints shows the same trend when considering the time-dependent temperature and humidity. The initial calculated design expansion allowance of Bridge B’s expansion joint is 35 mm (Figure 5b), and the type D80 expansion joint is appropriate, including in the subsequent periodic replacements.
Parametric study on buffeting performance of a long-span triple-tower suspension bridge
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2018
Tianyou Tao, Hao Wang, Teng Wu
Taizhou Bridge, as shown in Figure 1, is a long-span triple-tower suspension bridge across the Yangtze River in China. It is located in a wind-prone area in the south-eastern region of the Asian continent, so the structural performance under strong winds should be paid special attention to (Wang, Li, Niu, Zong, & Li, 2013a). The bridge is equipped with two main spans which utilise a continuous connection at the mid-tower. Each main span is 1080-m long, which is the longest main span in triple-tower suspension bridges in the world. The two side spans are 390 m in each length. An expansion joint is installed between the main span and each side span, which makes the two parts separated from each other to cope with the structural longitudinal displacement due to thermal or traffic effects. The sag-to-span ratio of the main cable is 1/9 and the distance between two main cables is 34 m. The double suspender system is used at each suspension point and the distance between two adjacent suspenders is 16 m.