China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Application of high temperature fuel cell powered by LNG on a ferry-boat: A case study
Published in Petar Georgiev, C. Guedes Soares, Sustainable Development and Innovations in Marine Technologies, 2019
T. Coppola, L. Micoli, M. Turco
Electrical power production and main propulsion power in ships are generally provided by diesel engines. As a consequence, shipping contributes significantly to the global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM) and hazardous air pollutants such as NOx and SOx. It is estimated that shipping activities contribute up to 5% of global CO2 emissions and over 5% of global SOx emissions (Miola et al. 2010). Current environmental regulations force to research alternative power sources and high efficiency technologies (EMSA 2019).
Hydrodynamic Journal and Thrust Bearings
Published in Maurice L. Adams, Bearings, 2018
Cylindrical journal bearings with two axial equally spaced oil-supply grooves 180° apart have been a commonly used configuration for many decades. One application researched by the author was for main propeller geared-transmission drivelines in large ocean-going vessels. Large ocean-going ships are typically powered either by gas turbines or powered by a single direct-connected massive diesel piston engine. The choice of whether to employ a direct-connected diesel engine as opposed to a group of two or more combustion gas turbines is dictated by where on the globe the ship is expected to mainly operate. The choice is based on the relative cost of various fuels available in the ship's main operating global region.
Ship collision aspects unique to inland waterways
Published in Henrik Gluver, Dan Olsen, Ship Collision Analysis, 2017
The deadweight tonnage (DWT) of a ship is usually used as a representative value of its size. The DWT is defined as the weight in tonnes of cargo, stores, fuel, passengers and crew carried by the ship when fully loaded. There are three main classes of ships: bulk carriers, product carriers/tankers and freighter/containers. Typical ship characteristics listed as a function of the class of ship and its deadweight tonnage are available (AASHTO 1991). They include typical ship lengths, beams and bow depths, drafts, displacement tonnages and mast and deckhouse clearance heights. Actual vessel traffic information at a given location on a navigable waterway may be obtained from vessel traffic databases maintained by the US Army Corps of Engineers.
Shipping inspections, detentions, and incidents: an empirical analysis of risk dimensions
Published in Maritime Policy & Management, 2019
The data sources are IHS Markit for ship-particulars and inspections and LLIS, IMO, and IHS Markit for incidents. Inspection data are a combination of over seventy countries from eight MoUs and incident data are combined from the four mentioned sources to reduce under-reporting. Since original data providers use different definitions for the seriousness of incidents, these data have been reclassified according to definitions of IMO (2000) for very serious (including total loss), serious, and less serious. Besides this reclassification, incident initial events were identified when possible to classify the type of incident. The analysis is restricted to very serious (including total loss) and serious (VSS) incidents and excludes less serious incidents and near misses because the latter are relatively less relevant for maritime safety and may be less well reported (Hassel, Asbjørnslett, and Hole 2011). Ship-particular data are available for about thirty variables (and more than 500 when counting dummies for categorical variables), including standard particulars such as ship type, age, size, and flag, as well as owner, classification society, engine designer and builder, proxy variables for maritime expertise such as years in existence, previous inspection and incident histories, and changes of ship-particulars. The included ship types are general cargo, dry bulk, container, tanker, passenger, and other types excluding fishing and tugs.
The environmental costs and economic implications of container shipping on the Northern Sea Route
Published in Maritime Policy & Management, 2018
Shengda Zhu, Xiaowen Fu, Adolf K.Y. Ng, Meifeng Luo, Ying-En Ge
There are concerns over environmental issues especially related to mega-ships and mega-terminals, however (Pagano et al. 2012). Ships can pollute the area in different ways—oil and chemical spills, emissions of harmful gases and greenhouse gases, discharge, noise, and water from ballast tanks (Ostreng et al. 2015). The most important milestone of pollution prevention in arctic region is the Polar Code, which is mandatory under both MARPOL (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships) and SOLAS (International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea). MARPOL is the ‘main international convention covering prevention of pollution of the marine environment by ships from operational or accidental causes,’ which has six technical Annexes that aim to prevent pollution from ships, and the regulations are updated with amendments. There are two parts under the Polar Code. The first part is about the safety of shipping in polar waters under SOLAS, covering a range of issues such as ships equipment, design, and construction as well as operation and manning. The second part specifies prevention of pollution from shipping under MARPOL, including ships’ discharge requirements and non-mandatory guidance. With the implementation of the Polar Code, ships that intend to operate in Arctic and Antarctic waters need to undergo assessments and apply for a Polar Ship Certificate (IMO 2016).
Increasing energy efficiency in passenger ships by novel energy conservation measures
Published in Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 2018
Rami El Geneidy, Kevin Otto, Pekka Ahtila, Pentti Kujala, Kari Sillanpää, Tero Mäki-Jouppila
Meyer Turku shipyard has long experience of building environmentally friendly and efficient cruise ships. Figure 1 shows a good example of such: Mein Schiff 3, the first of a series of cruise ships delivered to TUI cruises by Meyer Turku. Mein Schiff 3 was targeted with environmental friendliness and fuel efficiency features; the goal was to set a new standard for environmental cruising. Based on that and other latest ships from Meyer Turku, the main characteristics of the baseline cruise ship were defined, as shown in Table 1. As typical in modern passenger ships, the propulsion is produced by electric motors, allowing the main engines to be operated similar to a power plant, producing electricity.