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Supporting Technologies
Published in Mark J. Kaiser, Arno de Klerk, James H. Gary, Glenn E. Hwerk, Petroleum Refining, 2019
Mark J. Kaiser, Arno de Klerk, James H. Gary, Glenn E. Hwerk
The selection of available processes for a given application involves many considerations. In general amine treating using diethanolamine (DEA) is the process that has been the most widely used for refinery gas treating. This process uses an aqueous solution of diethanolamine with concentrations of the DEA in the range of 15 to 30 wt%. Methyl-diethanolamine (MDEA) can be used to replace diethanolamine to reduce the absorption of carbon dioxide and thereby produce an acid gas with a higher content of hydrogen sulfide. This provides some marginal improvement in Claus unit capacity or sulfur recovery efficiency.
2-Amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol for CO2 capture: study on equilibrium, absorption kinetics, catalytic desorption, and amine regeneration
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2023
Namrata Upreti, Shaurya Mohan, Prakash D. Vaidya
Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture from gaseous streams is crucial in the operation of power plants, refineries, chemical industries, fertilizer production units, coal gasification reactors, cement manufacturing, and steel producing industries. This separation is often accomplished by absorption in chemical solvents such as amines, carbonate buffers and amino acids. A summary of the main solvent-based CO2 capturing technologies was represented by Yuan et al. (2016) and Yildirim et al. (2012). Primary and secondary amines, such as monoethanolamine (or MEA) and diethanolamine (or DEA), and tertiary amines, for instance, methyldiethanolamine (or MDEA) are most widely used for the chemical absorption process. Vaidya and Kenig (2007) published a review wherein past works on the various amines used for CO2 separation were analyzed. Raksajati et al. (2018) discussed the properties of various solvent groups, especially amines.
Purification and upgrading biogas from anaerobic digestion using chemical asborption of CO2 with amines in order to produce biomethane as biofuel for vehicles: a pilot-scale study
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Mercedes Sánchez Bas, Antonio J. Aragón, Juan C. Torres, Francisco Osorio
The most commonly used amines are monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) (Nguyen et al. 2021), and other amine compounds, such as diglycolamine (DGA), piperazine (PZ), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), and diisopropanolamine (DIPA) (Morero et al. 2011). An essential aspect to take into account is the relative basic strength (pKa) of each amine, as it marks its potency to absorb acid gases such as CO2. According to this distinction, they can be ordered as follows: MEA = DGA > DEA > MDEA (Luis 2016). Based on the bibliography consulted, this study will analyze the absorption efficiency of MEA and MDEA amines, since both have good efficiency absorption results in other studies (Leonzio 2016; Mindaryani, Budhijanto, and Ningrum 2016; Morero and Campanella 2013; Park et al. 2017). MEA stands out for its high reactivity with CO2, while MDEA has a CO2 loading higher than MEA (0.5 mol CO2/mol MEA and 1 mol CO2/mol MDEA).
A simple model for estimating hydrogen sulfide solubility in aqueous alkanolamines in the high pressure-high gas loading region
Published in Journal of Sulfur Chemistry, 2021
Humbul Suleman, Kaj Thomsen, Philip Loldrup Fosbøl, Abdulhalim Shah Maulud, Rizwan Nasir
The objective of this work is to develop a simple thermodynamic model that describes the hydrogen sulfide solubility in aqueous alkanolamines in the high pressure-high gas loading region. The approach simplifies the VLE estimations substantially by considering and combining two reactions (amine protonation – Equation (1) and bi-sulfide formation – Equation (2)) and assuming ideal liquid properties [45,46]. The model consists of one explicit mathematical equation and provides an extension to the model of Posey, Tapperson [44] to the high pressure- high gas loading region. The model correlates the hydrogen sulfide solubility in single aqueous alkanolamines and their blends. Studied single alkanolamines include monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), N-Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), piperazine (PZ), diglycolamine (DGA), di-isopropylamine (DIPA), 1-amino-2-propanol (IPA). Studied blends of alkanolamines include DEA-MDEA, MDEA-MEA, MDEA-AMP, PZ-MDEA and PZ-DIPA.