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Soil
Published in Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2022
Most of the 2.1% of magnesium in the Earth's crust is rather strongly bound in minerals. Exchangeable magnesium held by ion-exchanging organic matter or clays is considered available to plants. The availability of magnesium to plants depends on the calcium/magnesium ratio. If this ratio is too high, magnesium may not be available to plants and magnesium deficiency results. Similarly, excessive levels of potassium or sodium may cause magnesium deficiency.
Clinical Effects of Pollution
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 5, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
As well as in food and chemicals, zinc deficiency seems to be a factor in celiac disease, as a recent study of 30 children with celiac disease demonstrated a significantly reduced serum level of zinc (0.64 vs. 0.94 μg/mL in controls).1123 Copper deficiency is a feature of celiac disease,1124 and copper is one of the transition metals that glyphosate binds to and chelates.1119,1121 Confirmed magnesium deficiency in celiac disease has been shown to be due to significant loss through the feces.1125 This would be expected through binding to phytates and/or glyphosate. A study of 23 patients with gluten-sensitive enteropathy to assess magnesium status revealed that only one had serum magnesium levels below the normal range, whereas magnesium levels in erythrocytes and lymphocytes were markedly below normal, and this was associated with evidence of osteoporosis due to malabsorption.1126 Daily treatment with MgCl2 or Mg lactate led to a significant increase in bone mineral density, and was correlated with a rise in RBC Mg2+.
Soil: Earth’s Lifeline
Published in Stanley Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2017
Most of the 2.1% of magnesium in Earth’s crust is rather strongly bound in minerals. Exchangeable magnesium held by ion-exchanging organic matter or clays is considered available to plants. The availability of magnesium to plants depends on the calcium/magnesium ratio. If this ratio is too high, magnesium may not be available to plants and magnesium deficiency results. Similarly, excessive levels of potassium or sodium may cause magnesium deficiency.
Effect of nutritional supplements on bio-plastics (PHB) production utilizing sugar refinery waste with potential application in food packaging
Published in Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2019
Abhishek Dutt Tripathi, Tek Raj Joshi, Suresh Kumar Srivastava, Kinaoush Khosravi Darani, Shankar Khade, Jyoti Srivastava
Of the different biopolymers used for bio-plastic synthesis, PHA finds major application in different sectors. PHAs are accumulated as intracellular carbon and energy reserves in microbes under nutrient limiting conditions, namely nitrogen, sulfur, and magnesium deficiency.[3] PHA may be categorized into several groups depending on their chain lengths. Nowadays, a short chain length hydroxyalkanoates (e.g., PHB) is being used as a replacement for PP-derived plastic at commercial level. PHB shares many properties with PP.[4] For examples, PHB exhibits similar thermal and tensile properties. PHB is completely biodegradable. However, PHB production is expensive owing to its raw material cost and tedious downstream process during its recovery.[5] The production cost of PHA is approximately 5–10 times more expensive than the petrochemical packaging materials.[6] The production cost can be possibly reduced by the application of agro-based waste products rich in carbon source. The nature and quality of PHA depend on types of carbon sources used in the production. Nutrient supplements such as amino acids, vitamins, and fatty acid can improve the fermentative product yield since biosynthesis of amino acids is energy intensive and can be a burden to the cell during the overproduction of proteins. Similarly, the bacterial growth and PHA production can also be enhanced by supplementing certain vitamins and amino acids.
Optimization and mechanisms for biodecoloration of a mixture of dyes by Trichosporon akiyoshidainum HP 2023
Published in Environmental Technology, 2018
María M. Martorell, María del M. Rosales Soro, Hipólito F. Pajot, Lucía I. C. de Figueroa
The simultaneous elimination of CaCl2 and MgSO4 present in very low concentrations in the original NDM produced a drastic decline in biomass and dye decolorization (p < .05). Since no significant differences between the complete medium and media without CaCl2 were observed (Figure 3, near here), we attribute this effect to the lower sulfur concentrations in media where (NH4)2SO4 was substituted by urea as nitrogen source. Magnesium deficiency could also be detrimental to growth and decolorization by itself, as Mg is a known cofactor for many enzymes associated with dye decolorization [19,20]. Consequently, lactose, urea, yeast extract, KH2PO4 and MgSO4 were selected as media components for further optimization.
Groundwater quality appraisal for non-carcinogenic human health risks and irrigation purposes in a part of Yamuna sub-basin, India
Published in Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2020
Madhuri S. Rishi, Lakhvinder Kaur, Sakshi Sharma
Consumption of water rich in calcium was found to be significantly reducing the risk for preterm birth and low birth weight (Yang et al. 2002). However, increased intake of calcium can interact and reduce absorption of other minerals such as iron, zinc, magnesium, and phosphorus within the intestine (Galan et al. 2002). On the other hand, increased intake of Magnesium can pose change in bowel habits (diarrhea) and has laxative effects too (Sengupta 2013). Studies also revealed that magnesium deficiency increases risk of vasoconstrictions, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia, atherosclerotic vascular disease, acute myocardial infarction, eclampsia in pregnant women, possibly diabetes mellitus of type II, and osteoporosis (Rude 1998; Saris et al. 2000)