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The biochemical effects of rhubarb extract's six anthraquinone derivatives in treating lung cancer
Published in Binoy K. Saikia, Advances in Applied Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis, 2022
Zujie Chen, Suyi Liu, Xiangbo Sun, Jingyun Wu, Hongbo Zhu, Runjin Zhu
Roots and stems of rhubarb contain anthraquinone derivatives among which emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein, chrysophanol, physcion, and danthron are particularly rich. Existing studies have provided evidence suggesting cancer-inhibiting effects of anthraquinone derivatives. Although anthraquinone derivatives share similar chemical structures, they have distinctive bio-activities and should therefore be analyzed separately (Huang et al. 2007). However, few compare each anthraquinone derivative's cancer-inhibiting effects and that of a combination of multiple compounds in rhubarb extract. The primary purpose of our research is to assess the anti-lung cancer effects of anthraquinone-derivative-containing rhubarb extract, and that of each of the six anthraquinone derivatives isolated from rhubarb extract, by measuring their cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing effects on A549 cells and HPAEpiC in vitro (MTT cytotoxicity test, FACS Annexin V/PI assay, and Western blot assay), metastasis inhibiting effects to A549 cells in vitro (Boyden chamber assay), and tumor growth and inflammation inhibiting effects in vivo (A549 xenograft in mice and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)). We hypothesize that increasing concentrations of rhubarb extract or its six anthraquinone derivatives will have the following effects on A549 cells: inhibiting growth and proliferation, inducing apoptosis, regulating cytokines expression, and inhibiting metastasis; without interrupting the growth of normal human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiC).
Fiber and Filament Dyeing
Published in Tom Cassidy, Parikshit Goswami, Textile and Clothing Design Technology, 2017
The reduced leuco vat dye has affinity for cellulosic material and after satisfactory exhaustion the fabric is kept in air or treated with oxidizing agent to bring the soluble form back to the original insoluble form. The dyed yarn is soaped, rinsed, and dried. Vat dyes are mainly divided into two main classes: Indigoid vat dyes, which are usually derivatives of indigotin or thioindigo.Anthraquinoid vat dyes, which are derived from anthraquinone.
Other Feedstocks—Coal, Oil Shale, and Biomass
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
The main chemical extracted on the commercial scale from the higher-boiling oils (b.p. 250°C, 480°F) is crude anthracene. The majority of the crude anthracene is used in the manufacture of dyes after purification and oxidation to anthraquinone.
Phytosomal gel of Manjistha extract (MJE) formulated and optimized with central composite design of Quality by Design (QbD)
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2023
Mohamad Taleuzzaman, Ali Sartaj, Dipak Kumar Gupta, Sadaf Jamal Gilani, Mohd. Aamir Mirza
Presently, the demand for herbal medicines substantially increases and is accepted by a large population globally due to their fewer side effects and environmentally friendly nature. Herbal medicine in India and south-east Asia used as an indigenous system of medicines (Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Chinese, etc.). In other parts of the world, it is treated as complementary and alternative medicines. The herbal products are consumed as dietary supplements or nutraceuticals.[1] Manjistha (Rubia cordifolia Linn.) is a medicinal constituent present in dried roots and stem. It is a good source of anthraquinones and is reported for pharmacological properties like anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective. It is also extensively used in urinary, blood, and skin disease.[2] Several bioactive compounds have been reported in root extract, including flavonoids, saponins, carboxylic acid, polyphenols, and anthraquinones (e.g., purpurin, mollugin, rubiadin, and munjistin).[3–5]
Application of a binary mixture of bio-extract on organic cotton fabric
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2022
M. Janarthanan, Subrata Das, M. Jayapradeep, S. SumaiyaZainab, S. Venkatesh
Carotenoids compound plays an important role in improving human health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The main characteristics are anti-cancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. Glycosides have properties such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-tumor activity, anti-allergic, and anti-platelet. They are used as antibiotics in the medical field. Anthraquinones have anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used for the treatment of autoimmune diabetes and wound healing. Saponins have properties such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-tumor activity, anti-allergic, anti-platelet, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-hepatic. It is used to protect from skin aging. Alkaloids have properties such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-tumor activity, anti-allergic, and anti-platelet. It has the properties of curing wounds and destroying bacterial formation. Ursolic acid is an indispensable part of the human diet and also a medicinal plant. It has antioxidant and anti-tumor activities. It is also used to treat cancer cells.
Catharanthus roseus extract mediated synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles: evaluation of antioxidant, antibacterial, hemolytic and catalytic activities
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2020
Maria Zaib, Tayyaba Shahzadi, Irfa Muzammal, Umar Farooq
It is reported that 15% of dye related material utilized in dyeing and related industrial procedures became a part of industrial effluent.[17–19] Presence of toxic organic dyes in effluent can impart malefic and deleterious consequences.[20–22] Common methods available for treating dye containing wastewater include chemicoagulation, biological and oxidation methods.[23–26] These methods are time consuming, costly, generate harmful side products and degrade dye incompletely.[22] Anthraquinone dyes are considered the second largest group of synthetic dyes. These dyes are widely employed for different industrial purposes due to their bright color, excellent fixation and color fastness ability. Alizarin red S being an anthraquinone dye is extensively used in textile industries. However, they are quite resistant to degradation due to their fused aromatic structure. Thus, considerable studies have been reported in literature to remove alizarin red S dye from waste water.[27]