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Physical Properties of Individual Groundwater Chemicals
Published in John H. Montgomery, Thomas Roy Crompton, Environmental Chemicals Desk Reference, 2017
John H. Montgomery, Thomas Roy Crompton
Uses: Dyes; starting material for the preparation of alizarin, phenanthrene, carbazole, 9,10-anthraquinone, 9,10-dihydroanthracene, and insecticides; in calico printing; as component of smoke screens; LSC crystals; organic semiconductor research; wood preservative.
Catharanthus roseus extract mediated synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles: evaluation of antioxidant, antibacterial, hemolytic and catalytic activities
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2020
Maria Zaib, Tayyaba Shahzadi, Irfa Muzammal, Umar Farooq
It is reported that 15% of dye related material utilized in dyeing and related industrial procedures became a part of industrial effluent.[17–19] Presence of toxic organic dyes in effluent can impart malefic and deleterious consequences.[20–22] Common methods available for treating dye containing wastewater include chemicoagulation, biological and oxidation methods.[23–26] These methods are time consuming, costly, generate harmful side products and degrade dye incompletely.[22] Anthraquinone dyes are considered the second largest group of synthetic dyes. These dyes are widely employed for different industrial purposes due to their bright color, excellent fixation and color fastness ability. Alizarin red S being an anthraquinone dye is extensively used in textile industries. However, they are quite resistant to degradation due to their fused aromatic structure. Thus, considerable studies have been reported in literature to remove alizarin red S dye from waste water.[27]
Optical and photovoltaic properties of substituted alizarin dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells application
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2021
Ismail Abubakari, Numbury Surendra Babu, Said Vuai, John Makangara
Recently, several structural molecules have been reported to be proficient in DSSCs application (Meng et al. 2018; Xiao, Jia, and Ding 2017). Most of the reported molecules reveal excellent stability and great charge carrier mobility together with alizarin molecule (Akila et al. 2016; Gomez et al. 2015). Alizarin molecule has been used all through history essentially for dyeing textiles as well as staining agent for biological researches (Jen et al. 2017). In 1869, alizarin reported as first natural dye molecule to be synthesized under the patent of a German chemist Heinrich Caro (Buchanan 2012). Despite of being one of the oldest dye in history, the study on derivatives of alizarin are rarely reported. Recently Sun et al. (2019) reported a study on derivatives of alizarin by introducing the conjugated groups containing thiophene, benzene, and thieno[3,2-b]thiophene through substitution in hydroxyl groups. However for the best of our understanding, no study reported on the introduction of these groups or other groups through the hydrogen atoms of the alizarin. This paper reports the theoretical study on alizarin derivatives dyes DY1, DY2, DY3, DY4, DY5, DY6, and DY7 by substitution through hydrogen atoms using 4-(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)benzoic acid and 2-hexylthiophene associated with carboxylic acid. These groups are selected because they have been reported to be useful in other dyes; 2-hexylthiophene in Gao et al. (2008), 4-(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)benzoic in Mathew et al. (2014) and carboxylic acid in Lee et al. (2011) and Shang et al. (2010) but not in alizarin molecules. The molecular design strategy for the presented dye molecules; DY1, DY2, DY3, DY4, DY5, DY6, and DY7 together with the considered substitute groups; SG1, SG2, and SG3 are presented in Figure 1.