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Utilization of Fisheries' By-Products for Functional Foods
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
Muhamad Darmawan, Nurrahmi Dewi Fajarningsih, Sihono, Hari Eko Irianto
Calcium has an important role in numerous health functions such as strengthening the bone and teeth, nerve function and cofactor of many enzymatic reactions (Kim and Jung, 2007). The phosphopeptide content in fishbone could increase the bioavailability of calcium by inhibiting the formation of insoluble calcium phosphate (Hoang et al., 2003). The intake of fishbone phosphopeptides increased Ca bioavailability and prevent Ca deficiency (Jung et al., 2006). It was also reported that tuna bone powder supplementation was able to improve the microstructure of maternal bone and increase the density of bone minerals in lactating rats and their offspring (Suntornsaratoon et al., 2018).
Development and Utilization of a Novel Prodosomed-Electrolyte and Phytochemical Formulation Technology to Restore Metabolic Homeostasis
Published in Debasis Bagchi, Manashi Bagchi, Metal Toxicology Handbook, 2020
Bernard W. Downs, Manashi Bagchi, Bruce S. Morrison, Jeffrey Galvin, Steve Kushner, Debasis Bagchi
Calcium: Like other electrolytes, calcium carries an electrical charge when dissolved in blood.21,23 However, most of the body’s calcium remains unchanged. Calcium is essential for the formation of strong bones and teeth, as well as for skeletal muscle contraction and stabilizing blood pressure.21,23,54 Calcium imbalances cause hypercalcemia or hypocalcemia.21,23,56–58
Softening and Mineralization
Published in Willy J. Masschelein, Unit Processes in Drinking Water Treatment, 2020
Drinking water is considered to be consumed at 2 to 2.5 L/day per person. The calcium needs per day per person range from 600 to 1000 mg. Of this total, 200 mg/day is taken in directly as calcium ion through the intestine. The contribution from drinking water can range between 10 mg/L (25 ppm CaC03 hardness) and 120 ppm (300 ppm CaC03 hardness) (1), ranging from marginal to complete needs. Also, evidence has been produced that calcium is probably less well absorbed from water than from other foodstuffs.
Preparation and characterization of self-suspended CaCO3 nanoparticles derived from scallop shells
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2023
Recommended dietary allowance for calcium ranges from 700 to 1300 mg. In order to simulate the settlement state of calcium granule products in water cups and study the suspension stability of CaCO3 particles, the suspension consisting of 750 mg SCC and 200 mL distilled water was prepared in a 250 mL beaker and dispersed evenly by using a ultrasonic bath for 5 min, and then settled for 30 min. Suspension rate after 30 min of static settlement was determined through dissolving in hydrochloric acid and EDTA titration method. The upper suspension was taken out and ultrasonicated for 2 min, then 5 mL was removed and transferred to a conical flask. 2 M HCL was excessively dropped into the conical flask until a transparent Ca2+ solution was formed and the Ca2+ concentration was measured with 0.01828 M EDTA solution. Suspension rate was calculated from the consumed volume of EDTA solution according to following Equations (1) and (2): where m, S is the suspended solid content (mg) and suspension rate (%) respectively; C, V, M, and are five constants representing 0.01828 M EDTA solution, 0.2 L of the suspension, 100.09 g/mol of molar mass of CaCO3, 5 mL of the upper suspension and 750 mg of the total mass of solid, respectively; (mL) refers to the consumed volume of EDTA solution. The above procedures were repeated for all samples of M-SCC.
Chemical and elemental analysis of the edible fruit of five Carpobrotus species from South Africa: assessment of nutritional value and potential metal toxicity
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2020
Neal Keith Broomhead, Roshila Moodley, Sreekantha Babu Jonnalagadda
Calcium contributed between 5.7% (C. acinaciformis) and 25% (C. mellei) towards its AI. Calcium, the most abundant element in the body, is essential for the formation of bones and teeth and plays a role in muscular functions, nerve transmissions and intracellular signalling (Beto 2015). Magnesium contributed between 5.3% (C. mellei) and 15% (C. deliciosus) towards its RDA. Magnesium has many functions in the body including serving as a co-factor in enzymatic reactions, notably those required for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and being necessary for function of proteins and nucleic acids (Jahnen-Dechent and Ketteler 2012).
Evaluation of groundwater quality using multivariate, parametric and non-parametric statistics, and GWQI in Ibadan, Nigeria
Published in Water Science, 2023
From the result of the PCA (Table 4), pH, Na+, and TDS marked component 1, which explained 25.543% of the total variance. Factor 1 had a high positive loading on pH (0.735), Na+ (0.855), and TDS (0.429), respectively. High positive loadings indicated strong linear correlation between the factor and parameters. The class of highly mineralized lithology can be marked as factor 1 which exerts influence on the amount of TDS found in the water samples. Factor 2, with higher positive loading of K+ and partly TDS explained 14.657% of variance with loading of 0.610 and 0.551, respectively. Component 2 in agreement with factor one is premised on the nature of the underlying rock within the study area, in other words, the levels of potassium and TDS can be accrued to the dissolution of rock minerals through regular interaction of rock and water. Component 3 accounted for 10.404% of total variance and best mainly represented by Calcium 0.706. Groundwater of high TDS value encourages the mobilization of compound contaminants such as carbonates, and nitrates. This single fact confirms the relationship between TDS and other compound contaminants. Leaching through downward washing of dissolved minerals through the soil profile can increase the calcium of the groundwater and the process is evidenced in higher TDS values. Dissolved solids produce hard water, which leaves deposits and films on fixtures, and on the insides of hot water pipes and boilers. Soaps and detergents do not produce as much lather with hard water as with soft water. As well as this, high amounts of dissolved solids can stain household fixtures, corrode pipes, and have a metallic taste. Component 4 was responsible for 10.092 % of total variance and partly represented by potassium; 0.504 and calcium; 0.527. Groundwater of high sodium value is probably indicative of natural occurrence. This is an indication that groundwater with high levels of dissolved inorganic salts must have originated from water that has flowed through a region where the rocks have a high salt content (Amanambu, 2015). Groundwater of high calcium value encourages the higher dissolution of solids leading to hardness of water. The human body needs calcium for strong teeth and bones. Finally, component 5 accounted for 9.198% of the total variance and is represented by E.C (0.584) and chloride (0.488), in agreement with the findings of Amanambu (2015).