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Reducing uncertainties in compensation for occupational diseases in construction using analytics
Published in Imriyas Kamardeen, Preventing Workplace Incidents in Construction, 2019
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) refer to a variety of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels (circulatory system), and are amongst the leading causes of death worldwide. These diseases are the results of a process called atherosclerosis, which is the build-up of fatty deposits (plaque) on the inside walls of arteries. Atherosclerosis can cause narrowing in, and possibly blockages of, arteries, which results in poor blood supply to vital parts of the body (Baker IDI 2011). Atherosclerosis can affect any artery in the body, including arteries in the heart, brain, arms, legs, pelvis and kidneys and, as a result, different diseases can develop based on which arteries are affected (University of Michigan Health System 2014). Poor blood flow to the heart is called coronary artery disease and can causes a heart attack (also referred to as ischaemic heart disease). Poor blood flow to the brain can cause a stroke (also known as cerebrovascular disease). Poor blood flow to the arms or legs is called peripheral artery disease (University of Ottawa Heart Institute 2011). The Australian Safety and Compensation Council (2008) also listed a few other diseases under the category of circulatory system diseases in TOOCS3.0 Classification, including: venous thromboembolism; hypertension (high blood pressure) and vibration white finger (Raynaud’s disease).
CDS Systems: Past, Present, and Future
Published in Paul Cerrato, John Halamka, Reinventing Clinical Decision Support, 2020
A more recent analysis (2017) suggests that overall CDS systems have not improved that much in the last 12 years: 29% had no effect on patient outcomes and 1 had a negative impact.4 But on a more positive note, among the 70 studies included in the review, 7% found systems reduced mortality, 23% lowered the rate of life-threatening events, and 40% reduced non–life-threatening events. Those clinical areas that experienced the most meaningful benefits included “blood glucose management, blood transfusion management, physiologic deterioration prevention, pressure ulcer prevention, acute kidney injury prevention, and venous thromboembolism prophylaxis.”
Air Law Issues
Published in Ruwantissa I.R. Abeyratne, Frontiers of Aerospace Law, 2017
In 1998, a study was conducted at Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, which reviewed hospital records of patients discharged over a four-year period with a final diagnosis of venous thromboembolism.353 The term ‘venous thromboembolism’ was broadly used in the study to describe a continuum of diseases including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or both. Inpatient medical records of 207 patients with a discharge diagnosis of venous thromboembolism were available for analysis and review. Of the patients reviewed, 134 met the case criteria for venous thromboembolism and, of those, 66 patient records reflected some information evidencing presence or absence of travel. Of these 66, 33 patients had travelled one month prior to the onset of the thromboembolism and eight patients had travelled within a six-month period. All 33 patients (none of whom was an aircraft crew member) had travelled at least four hours non-stop. Their profiles showed that eight had onset of thromboembolism on the first day of travel, four had onset during the journey and 27 had onset symptoms on or before travel day.354 The study also took into consideration a study which had revealed that, at London’s Heathrow Airport, of the 104 natural deaths reported to the coroner from 1979 to 1982, 12 had been attributed to pulmonary embolism.355 An earlier 1992 study,356 which had reviewed 25 patients with travel-associated venous thromboembolism, had noted that in seven patients (six of whom travelled by air) the onset of symptoms had occurred during travel or on disembarkation, and the onset of symptoms had occurred within 96 hours in 23 patients. Another two patients had experienced onset of symptoms within ten to twelve days of travelling. All had travelled non-stop for at least three hours.
Knowledge of and attitude toward venous thromboembolism among professional drivers in Saudi Arabia
Published in Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2022
Adnan Raed Alnaser, Abdullah Abdulaziz Abdulwahab Khojah, Ammar S. A. Hashemi, Bandar Alsabban, Ammar Y. E. Musa, Eltayeb A. Albasheer, Tawfik Mamoun Rajab, Mohamed A. Ali, Juliann Saquib, Abdulrahman Almazrou, Nazmus Saquib
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a condition characterized by the formation of a blood clot in the deep tissues of the leg, groin, or arm (deep vein thrombosis, DVT). If the clot dislodges, it can block one of the arteries of the lung (pulmonary embolism, PE).1 Its incidence varies worldwide, being as low as 13.8 per 100,000 in Korea and as high as 269 per 100,000 in Denmark.2,3 In the United States, VTE is more common among African-Americans than other racial groups.4 Moreover, VTE is a significant cause of death. One study showed the 30-day mortality risk for VTE patients was 3% for DVT and 31% for PE, while the one-year mortality risk was 13% for DVT patients and 20% for PE patients.5 One study conducted in seven major hospitals in Saudi Arabia showed a mortality rate of 14.3%, which represented 1.6% of total hospital deaths.6
Medical textiles
Published in Textile Progress, 2020
Venous thromboembolism, (VTE), comprises both Deep Vein Thrombosis, (DVT), and Pulmonary Embolism, (PE). Hospital-acquired VTE is a common complication and a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in hospitalized surgical patients. Those occurring during hospitalization or within the three months after hospitalization have been shown to underlie more than 50% of all cases of the population burden of VTE [417]. Similarly, PE is a serious postoperative complication that represents a source of preventable morbidity and mortality; in the United States it is responsible for 5-10% of all hospital inpatient deaths [418]. Whilst there are other causes of DVT and PE at the perioperative period, and treatments to be directed at these, the use of pressure garments to prevent stasis of blood flow remains an accepted practice. Indeed, consideration is also given to hospital inpatients that are not under the surgical directorate, although there are contraindications to their use and, thus, are not suitable for everyone.