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Nutraceutical Efficiency of Fucan Polysaccharides from Marine Sources
Published in Shakeel Ahmed, Aisverya Soundararajan, Marine Polysaccharides, 2018
Ashwini Rav, S. Vijayanand, S. Aisverya, P. N. Sudha, J. Hemapriya
Anticoagulants are medicines used for the prevention of blood clots in any blood vessel of the body. Sometimes, they are also referred to as ‘blood thinners’ (American Heart Association). To treat this blood clotting several anticoagulating agents have been used, and the most common drug used for this purpose is heparin. Heparin is a pentasaccharide with specific glucose and sulphate linkages which is used to treat blood clotting [60, 61]. These molecules promote protease and antithrombin, resulting in no blood clot [62]. Though this molecule is highly used as blood thinner it poses several side effects such as development of thrombocytemia, haemorrhage, ineffective congenital and antithrombin deficiencies, inability to inhibit the fibrin-bound thrombin, etc. In addition, since these molecules are collected from pig intestine or bovine lungs, they also pose an incidence of prion-related diseases [63–65]. Therefore, an alternative to heparin with similar effectiveness has to be found to overcome these problems.
Mechanical Effects of Cardiovascular Drugs and Devices
Published in Michel R. Labrosse, Cardiovascular Mechanics, 2018
Often, in medical devices, anticoagulants, antithrombic, or antiplatelet agents are given to patients to reduce risk. Heparin and warfarin are the most common anticoagulants. Heparin hinders the formation of fibrin, and warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist. Antiplatelet agents include aspirin, which decreases platelet aggregation and release, dipyridamole, which decreases platelet adhesion, and agents that interfere with calcium such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citrate. Blood flow affects thrombogenicity, because it controls the rate of transport to artificial surfaces. Studies have shown that early platelet attachment to surfaces increases with increasing wall shear rate.
Surface tension measurement of normal human blood samples by pendant drop method
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2020
Siddharth Singh Yadav, Basant Singh Sikarwar, Priya Ranjan, Rajiv Janardhanan, Ayush Goyal
From the results discussed above, it is evident that blood surface tension has a relationship to both temperature and anticoagulant concentration. Temperature is a parameter that does get affected by disease. For example, fever, whether caused by a cold or viral infection, will cause the body temperature to increase. The results shown above indicate that due to its relation and sensitivity to temperature, blood surface tension could possibly be used as one of the measures of temperature, and thus of disease from human blood. Anticoagulant concentration is another factor that is related to disease. Anticoagulants are administered as blood thinners to avoid clotting in blood. They are used to minimise the possibility of myocardial infarction or cardiovascular accident due to thrombosis. From the results presented earlier, the blood surface tension parameter could possibly be used to measure the concentration of anticoagulants in the blood.
A Novel High-strength Autologous Fibrin Glue Augmented with Biocompatible Polymers
Published in The Journal of Adhesion, 2023
Anindya Karmaker, Mahmudul Hasan, Shafayet Ali, Kazi Md Asif, Shoeb Ahmed
It is critical to separate the red blood cells without coagulating to acquire the major components of fibrin glue which is fibrin and thrombinogen. Sodium citrate, heparin, and EDTA are common anticoagulants used for this purpose.[26] Here, sodium citrate was chosen as the anticoagulant because it preserves cells for long periods without damaging them and is a typical anticoagulant found in commercial blood bags.[27] To prevent blood coagulation, 2.22 mL of anticoagulant solution (3.8% w/v) was used with 20 mL blood at a 9:1 blood to anticoagulant ratio.[28]
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of some novel benzocoumarin derivatives under solvent free conditions
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2019
Anhar Abdel-Aziem, Huda Refaat Mahmoud Rashdan, Entesar Mohamed Ahmed, Sara N. Shabaan
The organic solvents are volatile and harmful, causing risks to peoples who inhale them as well as the environment. Thus, development of less hazardous synthetic methods for organic reactions is one of our objectives in current research. The grinding method is one of green chemistry techniques as it is carried out in the absence of solvent (1–4). Moreover, the solvent-free reactions have numerous advantages: reduced pollution, low costs, high yields and purities of products (5, 6). Otherwise, many compounds which contain coumarin nucleus exhibit antimicrobial (7), analgesic (8), ulcerogenic (9), anticoagulant (10), antiviral (11) and anti-malarial (12), anti-inflammatory (13, 14) anti-leishmanial (15) as well as antioxidant (16, 17) activities. The anti-tumor activity of coumarins received a considerable interest owing to their cytotoxic activity against various types of cancer cells, including gastric cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, Periodontal Ligament, fibroblast, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and normal fibroblast cell lines (18–22). In addition, coumarin derivatives can inhibit growth in human cancer cell lines (23) such as renal (ACHN), lung (A549, H727), leukemia (HL-60), breast (MCF7) and renal cell carcinoma (24). Coumarin and its derivatives are important components among the molecules in the drug industry. Warfarin, acenocoumarol and phenprocoumon are a derivatives of coumarin used as anticoagulant drugs. These are vitamin K antagonist which inhibits the coagulation via blocking of the coagulation factors [I, VII, IX and X] (25–27). Moreover, warfarin reduced metastases from intestinal cancer to a wide extent (28) and is also used beside the surgical treatment of cancer masses (29) (Figure 1).