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Organic Chemicals
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
Three of the TRP groups of receptors have been shown to be stimulated by increased superoxide and/or oxidative stress of their downstream consequences, these being the TRPV1, TRPA1, and TRPM2 receptors, with the increased TRPV1 and TRPA1 activity being produced in part through the oxidation of cysteine residue side chains. Several TRP receptors are also activated by nitric-oxide-mediated nitrosylation.
Effects of fuel components and combustion particle physicochemical properties on toxicological responses of lung cells
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2018
Isabel C. Jaramillo, Anne Sturrock, Hossein Ghiassi, Diana J. Woller, Cassandra E. Deering-Rice, JoAnn S. Lighty, Robert Paine, Christopher Reilly, Kerry E. Kelly
Activation of TRP channels in lung cells has previously been shown to influence lung cell responses to cdPM.[40,41,82] TRPA1 is a calcium ion channel that is activated by a variety of cdPM, including diesel exhaust PM and extracts.[40] Disruption of intracellular calcium homeostasis is a mechanism for cytokine gene induction, often through the NF-kB signaling pathway. Therefore, TRPA1 was tested as mechanism contributing to the cdPM effects on lung cells. RD particles activated TRPA1, as previously reported [40], but neither BD nor AD particles activated TRPA1 in the short-term calcium assays (Fig. 3A). As previously reported, TRPA1 activation by diesel exhaust PM was increased by prior extraction of specific reactive chemicals from diesel exhaust PM.[40] Accordingly, all three extracts were TRPA1 agonists (Fig. 3B), with RD and AD exhibiting greater potency than BD. This pattern was inversely related to the total extractable content of the cdPM, suggesting that specific chemical components of the extracts, rather than total extractable organic content, was responsible for TRPA1 activation versus the total amount of extractable material.