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Application of Nanoparticles for Quality and Safety Enhancement of Foods of Animal Origin
Published in Sunil K. Deshmukh, Mandira Kochar, Pawan Kaur, Pushplata Prasad Singh, Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Environmental Science, 2023
The tensile strength/modulus of several polymers such as polyethylene naphtalate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamide, and polypropylene have been improvised by incorporating carbon nanotubes and polyamides (Prashantha et al., 2009). CNTs possess elastic modulus of up to 1 TPa and tensile strength of 200 GPa (Lau and Hui, 2002). Dias et al. (2013) documented that CNTs, in combination with allyl isothiocyanate, could inhibit Salmonella cholera suis for over a period of 40 days of storage. Single-walled carbon nanotubes with cobalt mesoarylporphyrin complexes have also been explored for developing a chemiresistive detector which detects amines generated during spoilage of meat (Liu et al., 2015). However, desspite having a wide application, concerns associated with their processing and dispersion aspects, along with high cost, limits their incorporation in nanocomposites.
Antimicrobial Studies on Food Packaging Materials
Published in Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Parameswaranpillai Jyotishkumar, Senthil Muthu Kumar Thiagamani, Senthilkumar Krishnasamy, Suchart Siengchin, Food Packaging, 2020
Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim, S.M. Sapuan, Tengku Arisyah Tengku Yasim-Anuar, Farah Nadia Mohammad Padzil, Nur Sharmila Sharip, Lawrence Yee Foong Ng, Liana Noor Megashah, Siti Shazra Shazleen, Noor Farisha Abd. Rahim, R. Syafiq, R.A. Ilyas
The uses of essential oil-containing sachets have been reported which include uses of garlic (Ayala-Zavala and González-Aguilar, 2010), oregano (Oral et al., 2009), lemongrass (Espitia et al., 2011; Medeiros, Soares, Polito, de Sousa, and Silva, 2011), cinnamon (Jo et al., 2013), rosemary and thymes (Han et al., 2014) that are able to inhibit growth of a wide range of microbes including aerobic mesophilics, coliforms, yeasts, molds and bacteria through the action of phenolic compounds. Moreover, uses of sachets containing allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) were found to be effective in growth retardation of yeast, mold and bacteria. As an aldehyde compound, AITC induces a chemical reaction that is responsible for damaging cell membranes of microbes and fungi (Gonçalves, Pires, Soares, and Araújo, 2009; Otoni et al., 2014; Pires et al., 2009; Seo et al., 2012). Similarly, chlorine dioxide and ethanol react with plasma membranes of microbes. For instance, ethanol vapor generator or ethanol emitter sachets, and releases of ethanol (absorbed or embedded within packages) through packages’ selective barrier could inhibit growth of microorganisms including molds and bacteria. This however depends on moisture contents within the package, reflected through water activity (aw) by which only at less than 0.92 aw could mold inhibition reaction be allowed by a relatively small amount of ethanol emitted (Appendini and Hotchkiss, 2002). In its application for food packaging, the ethanol odor is often masked with a hint of vanilla or other flavors (Akelah, 2013).
Use of Nanotechnology as an Antimicrobial Tool in the Food Sector
Published in Alok Dhawan, Sanjay Singh, Ashutosh Kumar, Rishi Shanker, Nanobiotechnology, 2018
María Ruiz-Rico, Édgar Pérez-Esteve, José M. Barat
The encapsulation of natural antimicrobial compounds in mesoporous supports has also been recently described. Allyl isothiocyanate is a natural antibacterial compound that can be added to food, but problems with its volatility, pungency, and poor water solubility exist (Siahaan et al. 2013). Encapsulation of this compound in MSPs and its controlled release has been achieved according to pore size distribution, and antibacterial properties remained after adsorption and desorption processes (Park et al. 2011, 2012, Park and Pendleton 2012). Siahaan et al. (2013) compared the suitability of MCM-41 and dried algae Laminaria japonica as carriers of allyl isothiocyanate. Their results revealed that loading was achieved in both delivery vectors, despite the MCM-41 support allowing greater higher adsorption and desorption and consequently greater bacteriostatic activity.
Bio-catalytic transesterification of mustard oil for biodiesel production
Published in Biofuels, 2022
Qurrat Ul Ain Rana, Muhammad Irfan, Safia Ahmed, Fariha Hasan, Aamer Ali Shah, Samiullah Khan, Fazal Ur Rehman, Haji Khan, Meiting Ju, Weizun Li, Malik Badshah
Mustard oil is obtained from the oil-containing seeds of Brassica campestris L. This plant belongs to the family Brassicaceae. It is an annual crop which is cultivated in semi-arid to arid lands. Its seeds are about 1.5 mm in diameter and contain about 30–46% oil [17]. This oil is used for the preservation of pickles, but it is high in erucic acid which is linked to cardiac diseases such as myocardial lesions due to fat deposits on heart tissue. Mustard oil contains allyl isothiocyanate which is responsible for its pungent smell [18]. One of the characteristics of the Brassica plant is that it can be grown on soils contaminated with heavy metals as it shows high tolerance to high levels of heavy metal ions in soil. This plant is reported to bio-remediate soils contaminated with heavy metals [19,20]. Thus, mustard plants can be grown on soils contaminated with heavy metals to bio-remediate them, and then the oil from the seeds of the plants can be used for the production of biodiesel.