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The Role of Artificial Intelligence for Intelligent Mobile Apps
Published in Anirbid Sircar, Gautami Tripathi, Namrata Bist, Kashish Ara Shakil, Mithileysh Sathiyanarayanan, Emerging Technologies for Sustainable and Smart Energy, 2022
Mohamed Yousuff, Anusha, Vijayashree, Jayashree
A DL-based mobile application is proposed to diagnose the five most commonly occurring skin diseases: hemangioma, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris and rosacea. The strong motivation behind this app is that it provides diagnosis results to the patient without a physical touch, which is very much recommended in cases of disease transmission or a patient already infected by some other contagious illness. Consultation with a dermatologist is not always possible because of many factors such as physical inabilities, agedness, mental issues, weather conditions, job or business commitments, travelling, shortage of dermatologists, especially in villages and highly populated areas. These problems can be avoided by using automated methodologies, specifically in a handy mobile application. AI-based methods diagnose the sickness with high accuracy and promote on-time treatment with less cost (Goceri, 2021).
Intracellular Redox Status and Disease Development: An Overview of the Dynamics of Metabolic Orchestra
Published in Jyoti Ranjan Rout, Rout George Kerry, Abinash Dutta, Biotechnological Advances for Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Nanotechnology, 2022
Sharmi Mukherjee, Anindita Chakraborty
Conversely, ROS induced melanocyte degeneration generates depigmented macules and patches on the skin known as vitiligo. This is due to the disruption of the Nrf2-p62 signaling pathway that causes autophagy dysregulation and enhances the sensitivity of melanocytes to oxidative stress (He et al., 2017). The tyrosine present in melanocyte gets oxidized into reactive o-quinones generating autoreactive T cells that selectively attack the melanocyte (Singh et al., 2016). Oxidation of sebum increases the level of oxidized lipids like squalene and creates ideal sites for the growth of propionibacterium, which via enhanced ROS production promotes inflammation and add to the severities of acne (Garem et al., 2014). Sebaceous gland oxidations are also associated with seborrheic dermatitis characterized by erythematous patches and scaling on the scalp (Toruan et al., 2017; Trueb et al., 2018). Alopecia areata characterized by nonscarring hair loss are also associated with increased levels of lipid peroxidation products in the scalp, plasma, and erythrocytes (Pektaş et al., 2018; Prie et al., 2015). Increased serum lipid hydroperoxide levels with a shift in thiol/disulfide balance toward disulfides indicate rosacea, an inflammatory dermatosis associated with remissions and flare-ups (Pektas, 2018; Sener et al., 2019).
Bacteriostasis and cleaning effect of trace ozone replacing personal care products
Published in Environmental Technology, 2023
Yanyan Peng, Zhou Chen, Yanzeng Li, Yuantao Wang, Chengsong Ye, Junming Xu, Shenghua Zhang
The human skin is inhabited by abundant and diverse microbial communities, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. These microorganisms colonize different parts of the human skin according to their specific growth requirements. For example, lipophilic microorganisms such as Propionibacterium, Malassezia, and mites mainly colonize sebaceous areas [1–3]. Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and foot fungi prefer glabrous, humid skin such as the toe web [1,4]. Many common skin diseases are closely related to microbial populations. Previous studies have shown that Malassezia has a direct causal relationship with symptomatic skin diseases such as folliculitis, dandruff, and seborrheic dermatitis [5]. Candida albicans are usually asymptomatic in the skin and oral areas of the human body. However, alterations in the host microbiota or variations in the colonization environment can lead to the overgrowth of C. albicans, which causes thrush and diaper rash [6]. Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common symbiotic bacterium of the skin [7], and it has been reported to be the most common pathogen in indwelling medical devices, causing infections of prosthetic joints and vascular grafts [8]. Therefore, it is very important to find an effective method for controlling the excessive colonization of skin microbes and maintain the balance between skin microbes and the host.
The impact of formulation variables on the optimization of pilot scale clobetasol 17-propionate creams
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2020
Ayeshah Fateemah Beebee Fauzee, Roderick Bryan Walker
CP is one of the most potent topical corticosteroids that is commercially available on the South African market (Fauzee, 2011). It exhibits potent anti-inflammatory, anti-pruritic, vasoconstrictive, immunosuppressive and anti-proliferative properties and has been found to be useful for the treatment of chronic skin conditions such as severe psoriasis, eczema, extreme photodermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis particularly in patients infected with HIV/AIDS (Gordon, 1998). CP is usually formulated as cream, ointment, scalp solution, gel, and more recently as foam, emollient cream, and nanoparticle formulations (Tsai, 2001). The effect of formulation variables on the optimization of pilot scale CP cream formulations was investigated using CCD with RSM in order to ensure the manufacture of stable cream formulations using an appropriate combination of excipients. The utility of applying experimental design to evaluation of the impact of formulation variables on product performance was investigated and applied to identify a composition design space for this pilot scale formulation.
Erythemato-Squamous Diseases Prediction and Interpretation Using Explainable AI
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Abhishek Singh Rathore, Siddhartha Kumar Arjaria, Manish Gupta, Gyanendra Chaubey, Amit Kumar Mishra, Vikram Rajpoot
Koebner phenomenon has a great impact on Seborrheic Dermatitis as shown in Figure 5(b). The presence of skin lesions on trauma lines, and the disappearance of the granular layer reduces the risk of Seborrheic Dermatitis. Higher the value of fibrosis of the papillary dermis, thinning of the suprapapillary epidermis, clubbing of the rete ridges involvement, perifollicular parakeratosis, follicular papules, and elongation of the rete ridges reduce the risk of Seborrheic Dermatitis. The presence of scaling in skin lesions, spongiosis, PNL infiltrate, and itching increases the chance of Seborrheic Dermatitis. Higher the involvement of oral mucosal, melanin incontinence, vacuolization and damage of basal layer, focal hypergranulosis, the saw-tooth pattern of rete, band-like infiltrate, and polygonal papules higher the chance of Lichen Planus as shown in Figure 5(c), while lower values reduce the risk. The presence of Koebner phenomenon and disappearance of the granular layer increases the risk of Pityriasis Rosea and fibrosis of the papillary dermis, follicular horn plug, and involvement of knee and elbow reduces the risk as shown in Figure 5(d). Higher the value of fibrosis of the papillary dermis, elongation of the rete ridges increases the probability of having Chronic Dermatitis while symptoms related spongiosis, koebner phenomenon, scaling in skin lesions suggests that there are low chances of Chronic Dermatitis in the subject as shown in Figure 5(e). If there are symptoms related to follicular horn plug, the subject has a family history, involvement of knee and elbow are seen, then there will be higher chances of Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris as shown in Figure 5(f). In addition, higher values of perifollicular parakeratosis, follicular papules increase the risk of Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris, while higher values of fibrosis of the papillary dermis reduce the risk.