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Vasculitis induced by drugs
Published in Philippe Camus, Edward C Rosenow, Drug-induced and Iatrogenic Respiratory Disease, 2010
Michiel De Vries, Marjolein Drent, Jan-Wil Cohen Tervaert
Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disorder of unknown cause characterized by frequent pulmonary involvement. It commonly affects young and middle-aged adults and frequently presents with bilateral hilar adenopathy, pulmonary infiltration, ocular and skin lesions. The diagnosis is established when clinico-radiographic findings are supported by histological evidence of non-caseating epitheloid cell granulomas. Frequently observed immunological features are depression of cutaneous delayed type-hypersensitivity and a heightened Th1 immune response at sites of disease. The Th1 immune response is felt to be a key immunological event in granuloma formation and the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. Circulating immune complexes along with signs of B-cell hyperactivity may also be found. The disease occurs throughout the world, affecting both males and females.
Miscellaneous procedures
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that can affect multiple organs in the body, most commonly the lungs and lymph glands. Those affected with sarcoidosis will present with abnormal masses or nodules (called granulomas) consisting of inflamed tissues from certain organs of the body.
Usefulness of insertable cardiac monitors for risk stratification: current indications and clinical evidence
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Amira Assaf, Dominic AMJ Theuns, Michelle Michels, Jolien Roos-Hesselink, Tamas Szili-Torok, Sing-Chien Yap
Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory, systemic disease of unknown cause, characterized by the presence of noncaseating granulomas [89]. It is most often associated with pulmonary involvement, but any organ may be involved, including the heart. Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) might be the first presentation or can develop subsequently and is present in up to 25% of patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis according to autopsy studies [90]. Imaging studies, including CMR or positron emission tomography (PET), have increased the detection of CS [91,92]. Clinical manifestations of CS are conduction abnormalities, VA, SCD, and LV dysfunction with or without heart failure [93]. The current European and American guidelines recommend (class I) a primary prevention ICD for CS patients with LVEF ≤35% [17,18]. A primary prevention ICD should also be considered (class IIa) in CS patients with LVEF >35% and significant scar on CMR, LVEF >35% and inducible VA [94,95], and those with an indication for permanent pacing regardless of LVEF [17,18]. Patients with CS and ICD are not only at high risk for VA, including those with LVEF >35%, but also for inappropriate shocks (13–24%) and device complications (15–17%) [96,97].