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Pulmonary Vascular Mechanobiology
Published in Jiro Nagatomi, Eno Essien Ebong, Mechanobiology Handbook, 2018
Diana M. Tabima Martinez, Naomi C. Chesler
Pulmonary vascular mechanobiology is relevant to most if not all diseases of the pulmonary vasculature, either because abnormal mechanical forces trigger normal biological responses or because abnormal biological responses occur in reaction to normal mechanical forces. Examples of both can be found in the disease state of pulmonary hypertension, which is considered the most serious and potentially devastating chronic disorder of the pulmonary circulation. Recently, an expert consensus document was published on pulmonary hypertension detailing the classification and epidemiology, natural history and survival, pathology and pathogenesis, and strategies for diagnosis and treatment.108 Here we review these concerns briefly and then focus on the known and speculated mechanobiological abnormalities that are relevant to pulmonary hypertension to illustrate the clinical relevance of pulmonary vascular mechanobiology.
Hemodynamic Management with Multiple Drugs using Fuzzy Logic
Published in Horia-Nicolai Teodorescu, Abraham Kandel, Lakhmi C. Jain, FUZZY and NEURO-FUZZY SYSTEMS in MEDICINE, 2017
Johnnie W. Huang, Claudio M. Held, Rob J. Roy
The nonlinear canine circulatory model developed by Yu et ai [23] emulates the dynamics of the circulation system by using eleven compartments in an electric circuit analog. This model is sufficient for approximating the hemodynamic responses of drug injections for testing the systems during the initial development phase. In the model, the heart is subdivided into two compartments representing the left and right ventricles. Each compartment is characterized by the maximum magnitudes of a varying elastance, which provides the energy necessary for blood flow. The left and right ventricles pump the blood through an ideal valve into the systemic and the pulmonary circulation correspondingly. The systemic circulation is serially linked by aorta, arterial, and venous compartments, while the pulmonary circulation is composed of pulmonary arterial and pulmonary venous compartments. These vasculature compartments are represented by capacitors, each with its own compliant element, and connected through resistors.
Body Systems: The Basics
Published in Karen L. LaBat, Karen S. Ryan, Human Body, 2019
There are two blood flow circuits made up of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The pulmonary circulation conveys oxygen-depleted blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide and then returns the oxygen-replenished blood back to the left side of the heart. The systemic circulation carries oxygen-rich blood from the left side of the heart to the body and returns oxygen-poor blood to the right side of the heart. We think of oxygenated blood as red and oxygen-poor blood as blue. Look at the underside of your wrist and you can easily see the superficial blue veins of the systemic circulation near the skin surface.
Circulatory System Based Optimization (CSBO): an expert multilevel biologically inspired meta-heuristic algorithm
Published in Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2022
Mojtaba Ghasemi, Mohammad-Amin Akbari, Changhyun Jun, Sayed M. Bateni, Mohsen Zare, Amir Zahedi, Hao-Ting Pai, Shahab S. Band, Massoud Moslehpour, Kwok-Wing Chau
According to the simple inspiration model from the circulatory system of the body’s regular performance in Figure 1, the body’s blood vessels are functionally divided into two distinctive circuits: the pulmonary circuit and the systemic circuit. The pump for the pulmonary circuit, which circulates blood through the lungs, is the right ventricle. The left ventricle is the pump for the systemic circuit, which provides the blood supply for the body’s tissue cells. Pulmonary circulation transports oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle to the lungs, where the blood picks up a new blood supply. Then it returns the oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium.