China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Exosomes in Cancer Disease, Progression, and Drug Resistance
Published in Vladimir Torchilin, Handbook of Materials for Nanomedicine, 2020
Taraka Sai Pavan Grandhi, Rajeshwar Nitiyanandan, Kaushal Rege
Removal of chemotherapeutic drug from cancer cells via exosomes can lead to the reduction of the drug in the cancer cells and subsequent resistance and improved survival. Safaei et al. [88] [89] showed that exosomes released from cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells contained high levels of cisplatin compared to exosomes from cisplatin sensitive ovarian carcinoma cells (2.6-fold higher), suggesting a use of endocytic pathway to remove drugs from the cancer cells. The resistant ovarian cells also contained higher exosomal concentrations of cisplatin export transporters such as MRP2, ATP7A, and ATP7B likely responsible for the exosomal removal of the drug. Similar mechanisms of cancer drug expulsion via exosomes and microvesicles have been shown in other cancer cells and chemotherapeutic drugs [90]. Other mechanisms of drug resistance involved exosomal transfer of multidrug resistance proteins (MDR-1) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) from drug-resistant cancer cells to sensitive cancer cells. Drug-resistant breast and prostate cancer cells were shown to utilize these pathways to gain resistance against the microtubule-stabilizing drug docetaxel [91, 92].
Anti-Cancer and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Nano-Diamino-Tetrac, A Thyroid Hormone Derivative
Published in Shaker A. Mousa, Raj Bawa, Gerald F. Audette, The Road from Nanomedicine to Precision Medicine, 2020
Paul J. Davis, Shaker A. Mousa
P-glycoprotein (P-gp; MDR1; ABCB1) is a plasma membrane efflux pump whose ligands include a number of cancer chemotherapeutic agents [78]. The pump is a principal component of cancer cell chemoresistance. Thyroid hormone causes transcription of P-gp [79–81] and increases function of the protein [79]. Thus, ambient thyroid hormone may be viewed as a support mechanism for chemoresistance [82]. It is not known what the molecular basis is for regulation by iodothyronines of P-gp function, i.e., whether the hormone receptor on integrin αvβ3 is involved in the process. We have examined the intracellular residence time of radiolabeled doxorubicin, a ligand of P-gp, in tetrac-treated cells and found that retention time of the chemotherapeutic agent was significantly increased [24]. This is an indicator of decreased P-gp pump activity. A variety of chemoresistant cell lines specifically resistant to doxorubicin, etoposide, cisplatin or trichostatin A were found to be drug-sensitive in vitro in the presence of tetrac [24]. Cisplatin is not a ligand of P-gp, and we have postulated that tetrac may decrease activity of the plasma membrane influx pump—organic cation transporter (OCT) [83]—by which cisplatin is pumped into the intracellular space. Thus, at least two mechanisms are involved in the enhanced chemosensitivity conferred by tetrac on cancer cells.
Anti-Cancer and Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Nano-Diamino-Tetrac, A Thyroid Hormone Derivative
Published in Shaker A. Mousa, Raj Bawa, Gerald F. Audette, The Road from Nanomedicine to Precision Medicine, 2019
Paul J. Davis, Shaker A. Mousa
P-glycoprotein (P-gp; MDR1; ABCB1) is a plasma membrane efflux pump whose ligands include a number of cancer chemotherapeutic agents [78]. The pump is a principal component of cancer cell chemoresistance. Thyroid hormone causes transcription of P-gp [79–81] and increases function of the protein [79]. Thus, ambient thyroid hormone may be viewed as a support mechanism for chemoresistance [82]. It is not known what the molecular basis is for regulation by iodothyronines of P-gp function, i.e., whether the hormone receptor on integrin αvβ3 is involved in the process. We have examined the intracellular residence time of radiolabeled doxorubicin, a ligand of P-gp, in tetrac-treated cells and found that retention time of the chemotherapeutic agent was significantly increased [24]. This is an indicator of decreased P-gp pump activity. A variety of chemoresistant cell lines specifically resistant to doxorubicin, etoposide, cisplatin or trichostatin A were found to be drug-sensitive in vitro in the presence of tetrac [24]. Cisplatin is not a ligand of P-gp, and we have postulated that tetrac may decrease activity of the plasma membrane influx pump—organic cation transporter (OCT) [83]—by which cisplatin is pumped into the intracellular space. Thus, at least two mechanisms are involved in the enhanced chemosensitivity conferred by tetrac on cancer cells.
Cecropia pachystachya Trécul: identification, isolation of secondary metabolites, in silico study of toxicological evaluation and interaction with the enzymes 5-LOX and α-1-antitrypsin
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2022
Penina Sousa Mourão, Rafael de Oliveira Gomes, Clara Andrezza Crisóstomo Bezerra Costa, Orlando Francisco da Silva Moura, Herbert Gonzaga Sousa, George Roberto Lemos Martins Júnior, Danniel Cabral Leão Ferreira, Antônio Luiz Martins Maia Filho, Johnnatan Duarte de Freitas, Mahendra Rai, Francisco Das Chagas Alves Lima, Antonio Euzébio Gourlart Santana, Mariana Helena Chaves, Wellington Dos Santos Alves, Valdiléia Teixeira Uchôa
P-glycoprotein (P-gP) is present in the cell membrane of tissues of the kidney, liver, colon, uterine endometrium, and endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier (Abu-Qare, Elmasry, and Abou-Donia 2003; Reis et al. 2015). P-glycoprotein has the ability to pump functionally active compounds from the brain into the bloodstream, protect the central nervous system from xenobiotics, and is involved in the process of ADME of different drugs (Abu-Qare, Elmasry, and Abou-Donia 2003; Azeredo, Uchôa, and Costa 2009; Huber, Maruiama, and Almeida 2010; Silva, da Silva, and Holanda 2020). The results of this prediction reported that all molecules identified by GC-MS (28, 30, 39, 40 and 42) and isolated (65–71) produced inhibition of P-gP, and thus may result in an intracellular accumulation of substrates (Azeredo, Uchôa, and Costa 2009). The water solubility parameters in the buffer system and in pure water were determined for each molecule (Tables 4 and 5).
Spectral and computational chemistry studies for the optimization of geometry of dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes of some unsymmetrical Schiff bases as antimicrobial agent
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2018
Mohammad Nasir Uddin, Didarul Alam Chowdhury, Nobuyuki Mase, Mohammad Fazlur Rashid, Monir Uzzaman, Amrin Ahsan, Nur Mostaq Shah
Pharmacokinetic properties are calculated in AdmetSAR which predicts all compounds are noncarcinogenic [25, 36]. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated to search their biological action, for example, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity. Selected pharmacokinetic parameters of all ligands and complexes are given in Supplementary Material Table S7. All ligands are P-glycoprotein noninhibitors. P-glycoprotein inhibition can block the absorption, permeability and retention of the drugs. P-glycoprotein inhibition can block the absorption, permeability and retention of the ligands. The ligands show positive response for blood brain barrier (BBB) criteria, predicting that drugs will go through BBB. However, Schiff base ligands show noninhibitory property for human ether-go-go-related gene (hERG). Inhibition of hERG can lead to long QT syndrome [37].
Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of vincristine loaded folic acid-chitosan conjugated nanoparticles on NCI-H460 non-small cell lung cancer cell line
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2018
Naresh Kumar, Raj Kumar Salar, Minakshi Prasad, Koushlesh Ranjan
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is major type of lung cancer that bears almost 85% of major lung cancer types. Only 17.3% of the people who develop NSCLC survive for 5 years. NSCLC is an aggressive neoplasm, responsible for more lung cancer related deaths every year in the United States than colon, breast, pancreas, and prostate cancers combined together [1]. The major types of NSCLC are – adenocarcinoma (nearly 40%), squamous cell carcinoma (nearly 25–30%) and large cell carcinoma (nearly 10–15%) [2]. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery have been used to treat NSCLC but have serious side effects. Vincristine is used in clinical practice since the early 1960s [3,4] . Vincristine is used to treat different types of cancers, which include acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease, neuroblastoma and lung cancer [5]. It is a vinca alkaloid and obtained from the Madagascar periwinkle Catharanthus roseus [6]. However, multidrug resistance, unwanted side effects on healthy cells and poor availability to cancer cells limit its utilization in medicine. In a few years, anticancer drugs loaded natural and artificial polymers have been tested against cancer cell lines to bypass the p-glycoprotein receptors, the main cause of drug resistance.