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Assessment of Quercetin Isolated from Enicostemma Littorale Against Few Cancer Targets: An in Silico Approach
Published in A. K. Haghi, Ana Cristina Faria Ribeiro, Lionello Pogliani, Devrim Balköse, Francisco Torrens, Omari V. Mukbaniani, Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 2017
Oral cancer is a subtype of head and neck cancer said to be arising as a primary lesion originating in any of the oral tissues, by metastasis from a distant site of origin or by extension from a neighboring anatomic structure, such as the nasal cavity. or the It may originate in the tissues of the mouth and may be of varied histologic types such as teratoma, adenocarcinoma derived from a major or minor salivary gland, lymphoma from tonsillar or other lymphoid tissue, or melanoma from the pigment producing cells of the oral mucosa.80 There are several types of oral cancers, but around 90% are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) originating in the tissues that line the mouth and lips. Oral or mouth cancer most commonly involves the tongue and it may also occur on the floor of the mouth, cheek lining, gingiva (gums), lips or palate (roof of the mouth). Most oral cancers look very similar under the microscope and are called SCC.64
Epidemiology of Cancer by Tobacco Products and the Significance of TSNA
Published in Roger O. McClellan, Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2017
Prakash C. Gupta, P. R. Murti, R. B. Bhonsle
ABSTRACT: Globally, oral cancer is one of the ten common cancers. In some parts of the world, including the Indian subcontinent, oral cancer is a major cancer problem. Tobacco use is the most important risk factor for oral cancer. The most common form of tobacco use, cigarette smoking, demonstrates a very high relative risk — in a recent cohort study (CPS II), even higher than lung cancer. In areas where tobacco is used in a smokeless form, oral cancer incidence is generally high. In the West, especially in the U.S. and Scandinavia, smokeless tobacco use consists of oral use of snuff. In Central, South, and Southeast Asia smokeless tobacco use encompasses nass, naswar, khaini, mawa, mishri, gudakhu, and betel quid. In India tobacco is smoked in many ways; the most common is bidi, others being chutta, including reverse smoking, hooka, and clay pipe. A voluminous body of research data implicating most of these forms of tobacco use emanates from the Indian subcontinent. These studies encompass case and case-series reports, and case- control, cohort, and intervention studies. Collectively, the evidence fulfills the epidemiological criteria of causality: strength, consistency, temporality, and coherence. The biological plausibility is provided by the identification of several carcinogens in tobacco, the most abundant and strongest being tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines such as N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). These are formed by N-nitrosation of nicotine, the major alkaloid responsible for addiction to tobacco. The etiological relationship between tobacco use and oral cancer has provided us with a comprehensive model for understanding carcinogenesis.
Smart Functionalised-Dendrimeric Medicine in Cancer Therapy
Published in Neelesh Kumar Mehra, Keerti Jain, Dendrimers in Nanomedicine, 2021
Vijay Mishra, Manvendra Singh, Pallavi Nayak
Oral and oropharyngeal cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. The treatment outcome for oral cancer remains poor. Liu et al. investigated the anticancer activity of PAMAM dendrimer-linked short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in contrast to hTERT in oral cancer, which resulted in induced cell growth and apoptosis of cancer cells (Liu et al. 2011). Other investigators employed G3.0 PAMAM dendrimers and dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) to design a biofilm adhesive for anti-caries action with enhanced re-mineralisation capabilities and biofilm regulation. This study showed no adverse effects on the dentin bond strength (Ge et al. 2017).
Novel 3D printing-based probe for impedance spectroscopic examination of oral mucosa: design and preliminary testing with phantom models
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2020
Shekh Emran, Kimmo Laitinen, Reijo Lappalainen, Sami Myllymaa
The diagnosis of oral cancer and OPMDs currently relies on a histological and immunohistological analysis of surgically removed biopsies. The procedure involved in gathering the surgical biopsy is invasive, causing pain and discomfort for the patient. It is also expensive and time-consuming [8]. A non-invasive method for diagnosing OPMDs would overcome these problems and would allow affordable regular chairside screening (e.g., at dental clinics) at risk patients and could make possible regular screening of at-risk patients. This would be particularly beneficial in the treatment of oral cancer where the low survival rates are attributable to late diagnosis [9]. To prevent malignant transformation of these oral premalignant lesions, new non-invasive point-of-care detection techniques are urgently needed to address this global health problem.
Crosslinked nanogel-based porous hydrogel as a functional scaffold for tongue muscle regeneration
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2020
Naoya Kinoshita, Yoshihiro Sasaki, Eriko Marukawa, Ryo Hirose, Shin-ichi Sawada, Hiroyuki Harada, Kazunari Akiyoshi
Oral cancer is a common cancer globally, and is the sixth most common cancer in men [1, 2]. The most common site for oral cancer is the tongue and surgical resection is a common treatment. If the tumor is small, primary closure is performed after partial glossectomy, but if hemi-glossectomy or more of the tongue is excised, reconstructive surgery using autologous tissue flap is required. However, such reconstructive surgery is highly invasive and also reduces the volume of the muscle tissue in the tongue and the mobility of the tongue. As a result, after surgery, patients cannot swallow and speak well, causing a decline in quality of life and psychological problems. Regeneration of the tongue muscle tissue would provide significant benefits in terms of reducing the negative impacts of surgery and improving quality of life for patients, and is one of the big challenges in oral cancer treatment. Studies aimed at the regeneration of the tongue using various biomaterials have been conducted, such as those investigating the potential of decellularized tongue tissue [3] and small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix [4]. In the current study, we focused on tongue muscle regeneration through cell transplantation using a nanogel-based biodegradable hydrogel scaffold.
Bioimpedance spectroscopy and spectral camera techniques in detection of oral mucosal diseases: a narrative review of the state-of-the-art
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2019
Shekh Emran, Miia Hurskainen, Laura Tomppo, Reijo Lappalainen, Arja M. Kullaa, Sami Myllymaa
The diagnosis of oral cancer and OPMDs currently relies on a histological and immunohistological analysis of surgically removed biopsies. The procedure involved in gathering the surgical biopsy is invasive, causing pain and discomfort for the patient. It is also expensive and time-consuming [9]. A non-invasive method for diagnosing OPMDs would overcome these problems and could make possible regular screening of at-risk patients. This would be particularly beneficial in the treatment of oral cancer where the low survival rates are attributable to late diagnosis. To prevent malignant transformation of these oral premalignant lesions, new non-invasive screening and detection techniques are urgently needed to address this global health problem. BIS, spectral camera imaging and other optical methods are promising novel techniques to detect abnormal changes in oral mucosal tissue. The previous research on these methods has shown that one method alone is not sufficient to produce reliable diagnostic results. However, two or more methods combined could provide reliable results as the methods would complement each other. The aim of this narrative review article is to evaluate the potential role of BIS and autofluorescence utilising spectral camera techniques in the assessment of oral mucosal health. Scientific publications related to BIS and spectral camera analysis of oral mucosal tissues were surveyed using databases such as PubMed and Scopus. We will also discuss future trends and strategies such as multimodal spectroscopic tools for providing real-time information on the status of oral mucosal health.