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Frequently Asked Questions about COVID-19
Published in Joystu Dutta, Srijan Goswami, Abhijit Mitra, COVID-19 and Emerging Environmental Trends, 2020
Joystu Dutta, Srijan Goswami, Abhijit Mitra
Does Tobacco Consumption Provide Protection against COVID-19?: Consumption of tobacco does not provide protection against COVID-19. Tobacco is an addictive substance and causes chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diseases of the respiratory system and also weakens the body’s immune system. Like alcohol, consumption of tobacco (smoking or chewing, etc.) makes an individual vulnerable to infectious or other degenerative diseases or even death (CDC, 2020; WHO, 2020).
Giving cigarettes a second life: The E-Tijolo project
Published in Cândida Vilarinho, Fernando Castro, Margarida Gonçalves, Ana Luísa Fernando, Wastes: Solutions, Treatments and Opportunities III, 2019
M. Soares, N. Valério, A. Ribeiro, A. Ferreira, P. Ribeiro, R. Campos, J. Araújo, A. Mota, J. Carvalho, C. Vilarinho, M. Iten, R. Dias, J. Henriques, D. Pinheiro
Cigarette butts waste is a huge pollutant, the problem begins with tobacco manufacturing and transporting. Researchers estimate the annual global environmental costs of tobacco manufacturing results in 2 million metric tonnes of solid waste, 300 000 metric tonnes of nicotine-contaminated waste and 200 000 metric tonnes of chemical waste (Lee, Botero, & Novotny, 2016).The Carnegie Mellon University’s Green Design Institute performed an Economic Input-Output lifecycle assessment (EIOLCA) concluding that USA’s tobacco industry by its own is responsible for releasing 16 million metric tonnes of CO2 (Proctor, 2012). Deforestation is the first negative consequence of the tobacco industry, being responsible for 4% of the worldwide deforestation (Lee et al., 2016).
The association of the nicotine metabolite ratio with lung cancer among smokers
Published in Cut Adeya Adella, Stem Cell Oncology, 2018
D. Afiani, N.N. Soeroso, E. Mutiara, B.Y.M. Sinaga
Nicotine is a psychoactive component in tobacco. The variant of genetics effect of the nicotine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is associated with cigerette consumption and lung cancer risk. The most widely used nicotine biomarkers are blood, urine, saliva, hair and nails (Yildiz, 2004).
Experimental and computational analysis of N-methylcytisine alkaloid in solution and prediction of biological activity by docking calculations
Published in Molecular Physics, 2022
Fanny C. Alvarez Escalada, Elida Romano, Silvia Antonia Brandán, Ana E. Ledesma
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate fast chemical neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction and have various signalling characters in the central nervous system; human α4β2 is a nicotinic receptor of nicotinic subtype mostly abundant in the brain [41]. Nicotine is a plant alkaloid responsible for the addictive properties of tobacco; it binds with high affinity to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors α4β2nAChRs and acts as a full agonist. Research works find new use of nAChR partial agonists for the treatment option by smoking cessation, such as cytosine, which diminishes nicotine support and reduces the pleasure from smoking [42]. To evaluate the basis for affinity binding and eventually identify the structural elements, supporting the receptor selectivity of the NMC to nAChRs receptor, we have structurally characterised complexes of that molecule with acetylcholine-binding protein (Ac-AChBP, PDB:4BQT) and human α4β2 nAChR (PDB: 5KXI) receptors. Full details, showing the ligand position in the binding site with NMC docked into each complex, are provided in Figure 6.
Tobacco biomass as a source of advanced biofuels
Published in Biofuels, 2019
Florin G. Barla, Sandeep Kumar
Tobacco plant is cultivated worldwide for leaves used as a raw material for making smoking products. Currently, tobacco agricultural practices generate large amounts of vegetable waste material such as stalks and seeds that are usually left in the field or disposed of. The lower lignin content of tobacco biomass, suitable for being grown at a higher density (from 6000 plants/acre up to 20,000 plants/acre) that could generate huge amounts of biomass per acre, and, on the other hand, the decreasing demand for tobacco for smoking, turns the tobacco plant into a valuable candidate for becoming an energy crop. Based on the fact that there is a long history of growing tobacco and agricultural knowledge, repurposing tobacco as an energy crop could become an immediate reality.
Determination of factors influencing tobacco consumption in Turkey using categorical data analyses1
Published in Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health, 2020
Tobacco is consumed mostly in a form of a cigarette. Cigarettes are smoked by 1.2 billion of world population. If cigarette consumption continues in the same way, in 2020 an estimated 10 million people will die worldwide due to cigarette smoking, 80% of which will be from developing countries.4 Tobacco consumption has generally been causally related to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, respiration diseases, and other serious medical issues.5 Every year approximately 6.7 million tobacco consumption-related cases of cancer are diagnosed worldwide. Around the world, 21% of cancer caused fatalities are due to tobacco consumption.6