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Biomechanics of Vertical Jump Performance in Unilateral Trans-Tibial Amputees
Published in Youlian Hong, Routledge Handbook of Ergonomics in Sport and Exercise, 2013
Siobhán Strike, Ceri Diss, Marlene Schoeman
Typically, lower leg prostheses consist of a socket, which fits over the residual limb, a pylon that replaces the shank of the lower leg and a prosthetic foot. The role of lower limb prostheses is to replace the missing ankle and enable interaction of the residual limb with the ground for the transmission of action and reaction ground forces (Jones et al., 2006; Pitkin, 1997). Lower leg prostheses also aim to provide adequate shock absorption for the prevention of proximal joint injuries and residual limb skin breakdown (Pitkin, 1995). Patellar tendon-bearing sockets are most commonly used and designed to distribute the load placed on the residual limb away from the tibial condyles to the patellar tendon (Selles et al., 2005).
Validity of injury self-reports by novice runners: comparison with reports by sports medicine physicians
Published in Research in Sports Medicine, 2019
Dirk-Wouter Smits, Frank Backx, Henk Van Der Worp, Marienke Van Middelkoop, Fred Hartgens, Evert Verhagen, Bas Kluitenberg, Bionka Huisstede
First, a general comparison between self-reports and physician reports was performed using cross-tabulations, and observed agreements were recorded in percentages, for injury location, injury type, and also – for interpretive purposes – the most prevalent RRIs. Based on details of the cross-tabulations, the criterion validity of the self-reports was then examined using physician reports as the reference standard. For this purpose, sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values (PPV) were calculated (with > 70% interpreted as high), with 95% confidence intervals (CI), again for injury location and sub-location, injury type, and the most prevalent RRIs. Here, each separate RRI category (e.g. “knee” or “MTU”) was set off against the summed other categories (e.g. “hip/groin region + upper leg + lower leg + ankle/foot region” or “joint + ligament + bone”). Self-reported “presence” versus “absence” of an RRI category (e.g. “knee” or “MTU”) could then be validated – in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and PPV – by physician-reported “presence” versus “absence” of this particular RRI category, using 2-by-2 frequency tables.
Athletes with unilateral patellar tendinopathy have increased subsequent lower extremity musculoskeletal injury risk
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2022
Thouraya Fendri, Haithem Rebai, Mohammed Achraf Harrabi, Fatma Chaari, Sébastien Boyas, Bruno Beaune, Sonia Sahli
The incidence of any acute, non-contact lower extremity musculoskeletal injury that occurred during sports participation, requiring the athlete to be absent from sports activities for at least one day, based on a prior research (Plisky et al., 2006), was recorded by each team's medical staff for 10 months after the initial assessments (static and dynamic postural balance assessments). Due to the confounding effects of previous injuries, only the first injury experienced by the athlete was used for analysis. Thus, acute fractures, muscle strains/tears, or ligament sprains/ruptures of the hip, thigh, knee, leg, ankle, or foot were included for data analysis. Contusions, stress fractures, abrasions, overuse injuries, and other non-musculoskeletal injuries were excluded.
Injury characteristics in professional modern dancers: A 15-year analysis of work-related injury rates and patterns
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2022
Caroline McBride, Shaw Bronner
To determine differences in injury characteristics, we conducted separate multi-nominal logistic regressions using sex, block, and professional-experience as categorical independent variables (IV) and tissue-type, body-region, action-causation and repertory-style as DV. Data were checked for violation of assumptions. Pearson’s chi-square was used to correct for over-dispersion. Following frequency analysis and skewed output, tissue-type DV were consolidated from 7-DV to 5-DV (bone, muscle/tendon, joint/ligament, neural and laceration/contusion), and body-region consolidated from 17-DV to 6-DV (ankle/foot, knee/lower leg, hip/thigh, low back/pelvis, thorax/head, and upper extremity/scapula).