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Lignin in Biological Systems
Published in Severian Dumitriu, Valentin Popa, Polymeric Biomaterials, 2020
Flaxseed and its lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) inhibit mammary tumor development in rats. At the same time, the increased plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) concentrations are associated with increased breast cancer risk. The anticancer effect of flaxseed and SDG may be related, in part, to reductions in plasma IGF-I (Rickard et al. 2000).
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Published in Ronald L. Fournier, Basic Transport Phenomena in Biomedical Engineering, 2017
Another angiogenic growth factor is tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which is secreted by activated macrophages during the initial stages of inflammation. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) not only plays a major role in growth but also stimulates angiogenesis.
Low energy availability in female athletes: From the lab to the field
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2022
Ida A. Heikura, Trent Stellingwerff, Jose L. Areta
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH). IGF-1 is an important hormone for protein synthesis and cell proliferation (Clemmons, 2009). Pituitary release of GH exerts the majority of its effects through regulating IGF-1 release from the liver (Fazeli & Klibanski, 2014). LEA induces a state of GH resistance, in which normal GH effect on liver IGF-1 release is impaired, resulting in increased circulating GH and reduced circulating IGF-1 (Fazeli & Klibanski, 2014). LEA induces a state of GH resistance within days, making both GH and IGF-1 good candidates as clinical markers of short-term LEA. Three studies in females have reported GH concentrations above resting levels with 4–5 days of EA ≤20 kcal/kg FFM/d (Loucks, 2006; Loucks & Thuma, 2003; Loucks et al., 1998). The 24 h average GH concentration has been shown to increase by 23–120% with an EA of 10–20 kcal/kg FFM/d (Loucks, 2006; Loucks & Thuma, 2003), while morning values increased by ∼26% with an EA ∼13 kcal/kg FFM/d (Loucks et al., 1998), with no effect with an EA of 30 kcal/kg FFM/d (Loucks, 2006; Loucks & Thuma, 2003). IGF-1 has been shown to consistently be reduced with similar amounts of LEA in studies with female participants (Loucks, 2006; Loucks & Heath, 1994a; Loucks & Thuma, 2003; Loucks et al., 1998; Papageorgiou, 2017, 2018). The reduction of morning circulating IGF-1 values has been on average ∼34% for short-term EA 10–20 kcal/kg FFM/d (Loucks, 2006; Loucks & Heath, 1994a; Loucks & Thuma, 2003; Loucks et al., 1998; Papageorgiou, 2018), while no effect was seen with an EA of 30 kcal/kg FFM/d (Loucks & Thuma, 2003). Based on the evidence, IGF-1 seems to have significant support to be used as a morning marker of short-term LEA, while GH is unclear. IGF-1 and GH are typically not routine tests but can be easily accessed on demand.
Effect of resistance training with different frequencies and subsequent detraining on muscle mass and appendicular lean soft tissue, IGF-1, and testosterone in older women
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2019
Matheus Amarante Do Nascimento, Aline Mendes Gerage, Danilo Rodrigues Pereira Da Silva, Alex Silva Ribeiro, Daniel Gomes Da Silva Machado, Fábio Luiz Cheche Pina, Crisieli Maria Tomeleri, Danielle Venturini, Décio Sabbatini Barbosa, Jerry L. Mayhew, Edilson Serpeloni Cyrino
Decreases in ability to develop strength and muscular endurance, and alterations in body composition components, such as loss of muscle mass, are common consequences of ageing process (Doherty, 2003; Goodpaster et al., 2006). This may be related to decreases in anabolic hormones, such as testosterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (Ahtiainen et al., 2009).