Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Biocompatibility of Elastomers
Published in Severian Dumitriu, Valentin Popa, Polymeric Biomaterials, 2020
Dominique Chauvel-Lebret, Pascal Auroy, Martine Bonnaure-Mallet
Chronic inflammation and myofibroblast proliferation often results in dense collagenous fibrosis shortly after implantation (Backovic et al. 2007). Another study showed that the FBGC have greater difficulty phagocytosing silicone particles than Teflon particles. When FBGC do not phagocytose silicone particles, they develop into large multinucleated cells surrounding the silicone particle, and a fibrous layer covers both the granulomatous lesion and the implant (Caballero et al. 2003). Monocytes and macrophages secrete more functional IL-1ß when grown on a film of fibrinogen and fibronectin than on a surface without a protein film. It has also been shown that the substrate itself plays a role in the production of IL-1ß. In the presence of an identical protein film on different substrates, monocytes/macrophages produce more functional IL-1ß when grown on silicone than on Teflon, Dacron, polyethylene, or Biomer (Bonfield and Anderson 1993). The nature of the substrate and the adsorbed protein film also plays a role in molecular conformation (Kossovsky and Freiman 1995). Backovic et al. (2007) showed that silicone promotes the adhesion of altered self proteins, which may trigger an autoimmune response. The cells of the ECM are particularly susceptible to modification when they adsorb to silicone. The proteins in the hydrophobic domain act like crystallization foci for other ECM proteins and are recognized as foreign by the immune system. Still other proteins adsorbed to the silicone surface are involved in the innate (complement component, C reactive protein) and immune (IgG, alpha 1 microglobulin) response. The process of protein modification is slow end allows metabolic and immune reactions but prevents the acute foreign body reaction (Backovic et al. 2007).
Review on 3D printing in dentistry: conventional to personalized dental care
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2022
Shadaan Ahmad, Nazeer Hasan, Akash Gupta, Arif Nadaf, Lubna Ahmad, Mohd. Aqil, Prashant Kesharwani
Resection guides were well fitted on the mandible body according to the virtual plan. Subsequently, the titanium implant was inserted to the resected area and fixed using bi-cortical screws on the remaining mandible. For future dental rehabilitation, 3 dental implant fixtures (Dio implant, Busan, Republic of Korea) were installed in the titanium mandibular implant employing conventional dental implant drilling system before the operation… The dental implant was completely submerged inside the oral mucosa, and its exposure was planned in the second surgery. Recovery was great, and the patient was discharged on the seventh day after surgery. At the 1- year follow-up after the operation, there were no evidences of infection or foreign body reaction. Pre-mounted implants were exposed during the second surgery for abutment placement; thus, the wound was closed, and implant exposure was re-planned for the future.
In vitro anti-inflammatory potential of marine macromolecules cross-linked bio-composite scaffold on LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells for cartilage tissue engineering applications
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2021
A. S. Sumayya, G. Muraleedhara Kurup
Inflammation plays a key role in the rejection of biomaterial implants. The initial immune response to an implanted biomaterial determines whether the implant will be accepted or rejected as a foreign body by the immune system [20]. The immune reaction to a biomaterial implant begins with an acute inflammatory response with innate recognition of foreign materials, which can eventually lead to the rejection of the implant [21]. The foreign body reaction is characterized by the presence of different immune cells including neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells and lymphocytes at the implantation site and subsequent formation of granulation tissue, foreign body giant cells and a fibrous capsule around implanted biomaterials [20]. Modulation of inflammation is an important component to enable a favorable healing result associated with functional tissue formation, reduction of tissue damage due to inflammation, minimizing chronic inflammation and improving tissue regeneration [22]. Thus anti-inflammatory signals are compulsory to prevent rejection by the host immune system. Therefore, the choice of biomaterial is of the greatest importance, with an obvious preference for materials that cause a minimal acute response [23].
Electrospun natural polymer and its composite nanofibrous scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2020
Fangwen Zha, Wei Chen, Lifeng Zhang, Demei Yu
According to the principles of ideal NGC as mentioned above, the composites of synthetic and natural polymer can combine the advantages and provide various choice for design suitable NGC in nerve regeneration. For scaffold fabrication, the most commonly used synthetic polymers are including poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly lactic acid (PLA), poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) and conductive polymers (CPs). Although these polymers are biocompatible and biodegradable, they may cause significant inflammation and foreign body reaction when implanted in vivo [104]. The nanofibers composed by natural and synthetic polymers could increase the mechanical property, durability, natural cell affinity and decrease the foreign body reaction of synthetic polymers. By choosing suitable solvents, natural and synthetic materials composite nanofibers could be obtained by electrospinning.