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Big data and comparative effectiveness research in radiation oncology
Published in Jun Deng, Lei Xing, Big Data in Radiation Oncology, 2019
Sunil W. Dutta, Daniel M. Trifiletti, Timothy N. Showalter
Endometrial cancer, like prostate cancer, also has a favorable prognosis when diagnosed at an early stage. On the other hand, there is heterogeneity among histologic subtypes with variable patterns of failure and recurrence among them, particularly in higher-stage disease. Most randomized trials group the various histologic subtypes together (Randall et al., 1995, 2006; Keys et al., 2004; Maggi et al., 2006; Susumu et al., 2008; Nout et al., 2010; Creutzberg et al., 2011). To utilize the available databases, Booth et al. evaluated patients from the NCDB with Stage III endometrial cancer, and found that patients treated with adjuvant-combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy had improved survival compared with patients treated with adjuvant monotherapy (Boothe et al., 2016). Unfortunately, important prognostic factors were not available for analysis, limiting the robustness of the data. Although such analyses are informative, their results should ultimately be used to help direct prospective trials to further define the best treatment options for individual patients (Jhingran and Klopp, 2016). In this case, a randomized phase III trial (GOG 258) was performed comparing chemotherapy with tumor volume–directed irradiation versus chemotherapy alone for advanced endometrial carcinoma. Contrary to the NCDB analysis, early results showed that although combined chemoradiation reduced the rate of local recurrence compared with chemotherapy alone, chemoradiation did not increase regression-free survival (Matei et al., 2017). Although the full results of GOG 258 are not yet published, results so far show that, while thought provoking, there are limitations to database analyses, and standards of care should continue to be developed from randomized evidence when available.
Efficacy of polyvinylpyrrolidone-capped gold nanorods against 7,12 dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced oviduct and endometrial cancers in albino rats
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023
Hend Gamal, Walid Tawfik, Hassan H El-Sayyad, Heba Mohamed Fahmy, Ahmed N. Emam, Heba A El-Ghaweet
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a family of structurally related compounds and a significant class of environmental carcinogens. Both epidemiological and laboratory investigations have linked these carcinogens and associated halogenated chemicals to the development of mammary tumors. DMBA is an example of PAH that has been used to encourage tumor growth in laboratory animals (7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene) [1]. Recently, the administration of DMBA to mice’s female reproductive tracts has resulted in a significant upsurge in the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas [2]. Surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy and chemotherapy are used concurrently or separately as part of the current endometrial cancer treatment protocol [3]. This protocol highlights the demand for novel therapeutic strategies that have been researched recently. Noble metal-based nanoparticles are created using various physical and chemical processes, and their uses in health care and remedy are unceasingly expanding [4]. The toxicity of nanoparticles made from these noble metals must be understood as concerns about human safety grow. The creation of gold nanoparticles via a bio-based method has been emphasized by life sciences researchers as being urgently essential for use in medication, health care, biolabeling, targeted medication delivery, hyperthermia and biosensors, among other applications [5]. All parameters must be studied before application in vivo for their internal use to ensure safety precautions.
A Co(II)-based coordination polymer: treatment activity on endometrial cancer by inducing cell apoptosis through regulating the expression of miRNA29
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2020
Ai-Fang Wu, Chong-Li Xu, Mei-Ling Ji, Tong-Yu Zhu
Endometrial cancer is one of the three most common malignant tumors in gynecology.[1] The abnormal gene and signaling pathways lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and apoptosis, which in turn leads to the occurrence and development of endometrial cancer.[2] At present, the molecular pathogenesis of endometrial cancer is not completely clear, and further exploration is needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could regulate the relative expression of the cancer-related genes or post-transcriptionally influence the gene expression. In the past several years, researchers have indicated that in the majority of human cancers, there was usually combined with an aberrant expression of miR-29.[3,4] However, the expression level and regulation activity of the miR-29 in endometrial cancer is still unclear, which should be explored in this present research.