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Thermal Stressors
Published in W. David Yates, Safety Professional’s Reference and Study Guide, 2020
Chilblains, also known as pernio or perniosis, are itchy and tender red or purple bumps that occur as a reaction to cold temperatures. Chilblains result from the shutting down of the blood vessels in cold conditions. They occur several hours after exposure to the cold in temperate, humid climates and are sometimes aggravated by exposure to the sun. The small arteries and veins in the skin constrict from the cold, and rewarming results in leakage of blood into the tissues and swelling of the skin. Contributing factors to chilblains include the following: Familial tendency;Peripheral vascular disease owing to diabetes, smoking, or hyperlipidemia;Low body weight or poor nutrition;Hormonal changes (chilblains actually improve during pregnancy);Connective tissue disease;Bone marrow disorders.
Thermal Stressors
Published in W. David Yates, Safety Professional’s, 2015
Chilblains, also known as pernio or perniosis, are itchy and tender red or purple bumps that occur as a reaction to cold temperatures. Chilblains result from the shutting down of the blood vessels in cold conditions. They occur several hours after exposure to the cold in temperate, humid climates and are sometimes aggravated by exposure to the sun. The small arteries and veins in the skin constrict from the cold and rewarming results in leakage of blood into the tissues and swelling of the skin. Contributing factors to chilblains include the following: Familial tendencyPeripheral vascular disease owing to diabetes, smoking, or hyperlipidemiaLow body weight or poor nutritionHormonal changes (chilblains actually improve during pregnancy)Connective tissue diseaseBone marrow disorders
Working in Hot and Cold Climates
Published in R. S. Bridger, Introduction to Human Factors and Ergonomics, 2017
The term chilblain is sometimes used to describe symptoms such as itching, redness, and burning of the skin of the upper part of the fingers and toes following exposure to damp cold. These symptoms are reversible.
The examination of mental toughness, sleep, mood and injury rates in an Arctic ultra-marathon
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2021
Scott Murray Graham, Russell J. J. Martindale, Mairi McKinley, Chris Connaboy, Georgios Andronikos, Adam Susmarski
Injuries related to skin problems might be particularly pertinent in Arctic conditions, with athletes whose extremities, overwhelmed by the cold, may develop pernio (chilblains), cold panniculitis or frostbite (Graham, Connaboy, Brow, & McKinley, 2012; Helm & Bergfeld, 1998). Previous work in an Arctic environment (Graham et al., 2012) has reported serious exposure and frostbite injuries. Arctic conditions may cause athletes to be more prone to injuries as a consequence of incorrect training. In addition, inappropriate, inadequate or incorrect usage of clothing allied to wet clothing through excessive perspiration will increase injury rates.