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Medical Image Classification Algorithm Based on Weight Initialization-Sliding Window Fusion Convolutional Neural Network
Published in Varun Bajaj, G.R. Sinha, Computer-aided Design and Diagnosis Methods for Biomedical Applications, 2021
Ankit Kumar, Pankaj Dadheech, S. R. Dogiwal, Sandeep Kumar, Rajani Kumari
Cardiomyopathy is known as a muscle ailment. With cardiomyopathy, the heart has difficulty pumping the blood. For this reason, blood can pool in the lungs and parts of the body. This manifests as swelling in the abdomen, feet, and legs. Cardiomyopathy can be acquired as a result of another disease or inherited [6].
Historical Development of HRV Analysis
Published in Herbert F. Jelinek, David J. Cornforth, Ahsan H. Khandoker, ECG Time Series Variability Analysis, 2017
Cardiomyopathy diseases are characterized by modifications of the heart muscle accompanied by abnormal findings of chamber size and wall thickness and/or an inadequate heart blood pumping function. The most common type of cardiomyopathy is DCM, which is defined by a left and/or right ventricular dilatation and dysfunction in the absence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, valvular disease, or congenital heart disease (Elliott et al. 2008). DCM is characterized by left ventricular dilation that is associated with systolic dysfunction. Diastolic dysfunction and impaired right ventricular function can develop (Jefferies and Towbin 2010). In the United States, the estimated incidence of DCM is 5–8 cases/100,000 population per year and the prevalence is 36 cases/100,000 population (Cooper 2005). Based on extrapolations, the global incidence of DCM is approximately 50 million new cases per year (Lassner et al. 2014). Furthermore, in the United States, for heart failure patients of age less than 60 years, 45% of the heart transplantations result from the consequences of DCM (Cooper 2005). Alone in the United States, the cost burden of caring for patients with DCM per year is $4–10 billion (Digiorgi et al. 2005; O'Connell and Bristow 1994) and until now only limited success in health care has been achieved. Therefore, in recent years, increased efforts have been made to investigate the causes and the progression of DCM, to optimize the treatment of DCM patients, and for early detection of patients at a high risk for a SCD contributing to the finding of an optimal timing for either prophylactic defibrillator implantation or, at worst, a cardiac transplantation (Voss et al. 2013).
Intermediate outcomes of transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement with the Edwards Sapien 3 valve – German experience
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Anja Lehner, Tsvetina Dashkalova, Sarah Ulrich, Silvia Fernandez Rodriguez, Guido Mandilaras, Andre Jakob, Robert Dalla-Pozza, Marcus Fischer, Heike Schneider, Gleb Tarusinov, Christoph Kampmann, Michael Hofbeck, Ingo Dähnert, Majed Kanaan, Nikolaus A. Haas
TPVR was successfully accomplished in 54/56 cases (96,4%, all patients underwent presenting). Though valve placement within the prestented RVOT was successful in all patients, balloon inflation failed in 2 patients with the S3 valve only partially dilated. Retrieval of the valve was not possible in both patients who went for surgical pulmonary valve implantation and explantation of the S3 valve instead. Further procedure-related complications occurred in 5 cases. Prestents were dislocated till TPVR in 2 patients and had to be fixed by implantation of another (CP)-stent. In one patient an additional stent for dilation of a stenosed right pulmonary artery (RPA) dislocated before TPVR and was fixed without further complications within the RVOT preparing the landing zone. In another patient, the RPA was malperfused after TPVR and had to be stented with two CP stents to relief kinking. Conduit rupture or emergency stenting was not experienced, neither was any coronary or aortic valve impairment. One patient experienced severe acute left ventricular dysfunction without any signs of coronary impairment necessitating mechanical circulatory support. Classified as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy this case was reported separately [17]. TPVR was successfully accomplished 4 months later. In none of the cases, severe tricuspid impairment was recognized during prestenting or TPVR maneuvers. Significant arrythmias during TPVR were not reported (For detailed procedural data see Table 2).
Model-guided concurrent data assimilation for calibrating cardiac ion-channel kinetics
Published in IISE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering, 2023
Haedong Kim, Hui Yang, Andrew R. Ednie, Eric S. Bennett
Protein glycosylation is one of the most abundant and diverse forms of co/posttranslational modifications that impact essential protein functions, such as modulation of receptor or ion channel activities (Ednie & Bennett, 2012; Ohtsubo & Marth, 2006). A growing number of studies have shown the association between altered glycosylation and heart diseases, such as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Ednie et al., 2019; Ohtsubo & Marth, 2006). It is reported that up to 20% of patients with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), who commonly show modest reductions in protein glycosylation, present with cardiac deficits, including idiopathic DCM (Marques-da Silva et al., 2017). However, uncovering the underlying pathological mechanisms still remains elusive. We have investigated how regulated glycosylation contributes to heart failure in the context of electrophysiology. Electrical signaling is orchestrated activities of a variety of ion channels and transporters. VGICs are heavily glycosylated, with 30% of the channel mass consisting of N-/O-linked glycans (Ednie & Bennett, 2012). Glycosylation is a multi-step process and usually ends with sialic acid added. We reported that a saturating, electrostatic effect of negatively charged sialic attached to the terminal of N-/O-glycan branches significantly altered electrical signaling in Nav (Ednie et al., 2013, 2015) as well as Kv (Ednie & Bennett, 2015). Computational modeling has been used to further investigate the functional role of reduced sialylation in Nav and Kv (Du et al., 2016, 2018).
W-Net: Novel Deep Supervision for Deep Learning-based Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Segmentation
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Kamal Raj Singh, Ambalika Sharma, Girish Kumar Singh
There are 150 patient’s cine-MRI data provided by MICCAI (Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention) as Automated cardiac diagnosis challenge (ACDC) [2] in 2017, out of which 100 used for training and other 50 for testing. Out of 100 samples provided for training, every 20 samples are related to one of the following physiological conditions: Normal, Myocardial Infarction, Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, and Abnormal Right Ventricle. Short-axis MRI scan is performed in breath-hold with a retrospective or prospective gating and with an SSFP sequence. Segmentation masks have been provided for 100 patients in end-diastolic and end-systolic phases.