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Body Systems: The Basics
Published in Karen L. LaBat, Karen S. Ryan, Human Body, 2019
Bursae, the plural of bursa, are small fluid-filled pouches located between adjacent muscles, between bone and skin, or where a tendon slides over a bone. Bursae allow smooth motion of the body parts as they work together. Bursitis is inflammation of a bursa and is often seen adjacent to joints or other structures that are moved repetitively. The nervous system, described in the next section, is an essential component of body stability as well as body motion, as it monitors and initiates the interaction of muscles with the skeleton.
Advances in surgery for bursitis of the hip joint in adults
Published in K. Mohan Iyer, Hip Joint in Adults: Advances and Developments, 2018
Bursitis are often the result of high-risk activities, which include gardening, raking, carpentry, shovelling, painting, scrubbing, tennis, golf, skiing, throwing and pitching. The incidence of trochanteric bursitis (TB) is the highest in middle-aged to elderly people. This is a common cause of hip pain [1]. Bursitis is most often caused by repetitive, minor impact on the area or by a sudden, more serious injury.
Anatomy, Biomechanics, Work Physiology, and Anthropometry
Published in Stephan Konz, Steven Johnson, Work Design, 2018
Where ligaments are subject to friction, a lubricating device called a bursa (a small, flat, fluid-filled sac lined with synovial membrane—the body has about 200 of them) shields the structure from rubbing against the bone. An inflamed bursa is called bursitis.
Optimizing energy generation in power-law nanofluid flow through curved arteries with gold nanoparticles
Published in Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications, 2023
Bhupendra K. Sharma, Chandan Kumawat, Muhammad Mubashir Bhatti
In thermal therapies, external heating is very helpful for healing serious diseases like synovial bursitis, muscle pain, killing cancer cells, osteoporosis, and so on. Therefore, the effects of external heating on the overlapped stenotic arterial flow in the presence of nanoparticles have been numerically analyzed, and the results are shown in Figure 10. This study reveals that, for a fixed Brinkmann number (i.e. fixed heat generation by viscous dissipation), the heat conduction rate from the environment to arterial blood flow increases with the increase in the heat source value. As a result, a significant boost in blood temperature is observed with the increase in the value of H. This study also suggests that for a fixed amount of nanoparticle volume fraction, a larger-sized nanoparticle is very suitable for flow temperature. Therefore, blood flow temperature can be increased by having large sized nanoparticles in the flow. The findings of this comparative study for nanoparticle size can be adopted by clinical researchers to kill cancer cells and plaque deposition during thermal therapies by inserting large-sized nanoparticles in the artery.
Musculoskeletal pain in lacrosse officials impacts function on the field
Published in Research in Sports Medicine, 2021
Heather K. Vincent, Michelle Bruner, Charlie Obermayer, Bruce Griffin, Kevin R. Vincent
Most of what is known about musculoskeletal injuries and pain in sports officials who cover similar field distance is from football (Bizzini et al., 2011; Gabrilo et al., 2013; Kordi et al., 2013). Acute seasonal injuries occur in 46–56% of football referees, with most injuries occurring in the abdominal region and the lower limbs (Gabrilo et al., 2013; Kordi et al., 2013). Among a cohort of Swiss football referees, 25.8% reported experiencing at least one musculoskeletal complaint and 22.5% reported an injury from officiating (Bizzini et al., 2011). Injuries ranged from chronic overuse (tendinitis, bursitis) to acute (sprain, dislocation, fracture, muscle strain, concussion) (Gabrilo et al., 2013). Evidence is accumulating to show that former or retired players from football, American football or rugby who experienced injuries or played the sport commonly develop early-onset debilitating OA (Gian et al., 2017; Golightly et al., 2009; Gouttebarge et al., 2018; Hind et al., n.d.; Lynall et al., 2017). The prevalence of injuries OA among various subgroups of sport officials, including lacrosse, is largely unknown despite similar cumulative stresses and injury risks of performing on the field.
Electromyographic Assessment of a Shoulder Support Exoskeleton During on-Site Job Tasks
Published in IISE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors, 2019
Jason C. Gillette, Mitchell L. Stephenson
In 2015, there were 72,270 cases of shoulder injuries that caused individuals to miss work (7.5 cases per 10,000 workers) in private industry in the United States (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2016). These shoulder injuries resulted in 23 median days away from work, the longest recovery time of any body part (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2016). Common causes of shoulder pain include bursitis, tendinitis, tendon tears, impingement, instability, and arthritis (AAOS, 2010). Worksite modifications to control these injuries may include lowering objects, raising the worker, or reducing loads. If worksite modifications are limited or are not feasible, then a robotic or passive assistive device may be of value to a worker to reduce shoulder loads. For example, a table-mounted arm support was shown to reduce anterior deltoid and upper trapezius muscle activity during pipetting (Rempel, Janowitz, Alexandre, Lee, & Rempel, 2011). Recent studies have supported that upper body exoskeletons have potential as a practical intervention for shoulder injury reduction, but also suggest that further testing is needed (Alabdulkarim, Kim, & Nussbaum, 2019; Alabdulkarim & Nussbaum, 2019; Huysamen et al., 2018; Kim, Nussbaum, Esfahani, Alemi, Alabdulkarim, et al., 2018a; Kim, Nussbaum, Esfahani, Alemi, Jia, et al., 2018b, Moyon, Poirson, & Petiot, 2018; Kim & Nussbaum, 2019; Rashedi, Kim, Nussbaum, & Agnew, 2014; Smets, 2019; Spada, Ghibaudo, Carnazzo, Gastaldi, & Cavatorta, 2019).