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Failure of Tribo-Systems
Published in Ahmed Abdelbary, Extreme Tribology, 2020
Total joint replacement is a very essential surgical treatment for severe joint diseases. This arthroplasty involves the replacement of native articulating joints, such as the hip, knee, shoulder and ankle, with artificial components. Various material combinations are utilized in bearing surfaces of joint prostheses. The most commonly-used bearing surface is ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), usually articulating against a metallic or a ceramic counterface.
Static, dynamic, and fatigue life investigation of a hip prosthesis for walking gait using finite element analysis
Published in International Journal of Modelling and Simulation, 2023
Jonathan Reginald, Kalayarasan M, Chethan K N, Dhanabal P
Total hip arthroplasty is the process of replacing the damaged hip joint through a surgical method. The hip is replaced with a prosthetic hip which is made with biocompatible materials [9–11]. Generally, the prosthetic hip joint is placed between the femur bone and the pelvic bone which is a ball and socket joint. As a conventional approach, hip implants often use modular interlocking components, with a cylindrical taper trunnion coupling between the modular head and neck of the stem [11,12]. The major concern about hip replacement is about the life expectancy which is about only 10–15 years depending upon the weight and the activities carried out by the patient. Due to the continuous gait cycle, there is constant rubbing that takes place at the interface of the components of the implant. Necrosis is a serious issue which has been found to occur due to the wear debris production mixing with the bloodstream, causing inflammation in that area and damaging the tissues [13,14].
Evolution of different designs and wear studies in total hip prosthesis using finite element analysis: A review
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2022
Chethan K N, Shyamasunder Bhat N, Mohammad Zuber, Satish Shenoy B
Surgery of the hip joints is a complicated procedure that requires precautions during and post-surgery. With the aid of CT scans the surgeons decide the type and design of the implant to be used as well as the size of the head of the femur and backing cup. Post-surgical infections and blood clots are some of the complications associated with arthroplasty. Change in the length of the legs after surgery is another problem associated if the implants are not of the appropriate dimension. If these parameters are not addressed appropriately it could lead to an increase in hip pain than relieving pain after the surgery. Loosening of the hip joint is a major reason for revision surgery along with the previously mentioned complications. Loosening occurs due to wear in the articulating surfaces. The wear debris could adversely react with blood cells. This could lead to repeat surgery and recurrent, expenditure. Figure 11 shows the statistical data of various reasons for the revision of surgery (Burger et al., 2007; Ulrich et al., 2008.
Torsion Wear Behavior of PEEK-on-UHMWPE as an All-Polymer Joint Combination in Total Knee Replacement
Published in Tribology Transactions, 2022
Qingliang Wang, Qihao Zheng, Yong Luo, Wenyin Huang
Total hip and knee arthroplasty is considered a highly successful procedure, and clinical survivorship is now more than 90% at 10 years (1, 2). Despite good clinical outcomes, there are still some prostheses that fail to meet the requirements of clinical design. Up to 20% of patients are not satisfied with the effects of their knee replacement (3, 4). Thus, the pressing market demand and improvement of patients’ expectations continue to drive the improvement of artificial joint replacements and service life (5). There are multifaced factors that affect clinical success and patient satisfaction, including the clinical operation (prosthesis location, joint fixation, and postoperative rehabilitation), prosthesis design of, selection of materials. Under the condition of no creative breakthrough in clinical operation level and prosthesis design, the choice of prosthesis material is still the main influencing factor. The problems of traditional prosthesis materials in clinical application have been widely recognized, such as the wear of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) (6), release of metal ions (7), and aseptic loosening caused by wear debris (8). The solution to these problems mainly involves two factors; that is, how to reduce the wear and biological reaction of materials, and the application of new materials and design of the joint combination provide potential solutions (9, 10).