China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Cost Estimation of Polymer Material for Biomedical Application
Published in Ashwani Kumar, Mangey Ram, Yogesh Kumar Singla, Advanced Materials for Biomechanical Applications, 2022
Suya Prem Anand, Ashwin Sunil Kumar, Grreshan Ramesh, Abel Eldho Jose
Knee replacement is a surgical substitution of a knee joint where both the femoral and the tibial components meet with the assistance of an artificial implant. The knee implant consists of mainly three parts, namely femoral, liner, and tibial, as shown in Figure 9.1. Metallic materials like cobalt chromium, or titanium are used for making the femoral and tibial components due to their corrosion and wear resistance properties. The present work focuses on the liner component used in the knee implant made up of polymer materials, where the substitute material should replace the knee structures, biocompatible in nature, withstand heavy loads, possess good flexibility, and allow to move freely [1,2]. Therefore, it must be able to maintain its strength and shape for a long period after the knee implant surgery. The properties of the replacement polymer materials can be improved to exactly replace the bone behavior. Currently, material properties such as fracture toughness, compressive strength, and fatigue strength are enhanced to achieve the appropriate mechanical properties of the human bone. However, properties like modulus of elasticity and density will be reduced but not minimized below the density of the knee bone. Additionally, important properties like osseointegration must be present to improve the quality of bone and enhance the bone growth inside the porous structure [3]. Earlier, the compression molding process was used for making the plastic liner in the knee implant but using conventional methods for fabrication tends to form more scrap and includes a higher cost. Due to this, the research work is mainly concentrated on 3D printing and the cost analysis of the plastic liner component [4].
Visualization of patient’s knee movement and joint contact area during knee flexion for orthopaedic surgery planing validation
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2021
Alexandra Mercader, Heinz Roettinger, Amir Bigdeli, Tim C. Lueth
During knee replacement surgery, the prosthesis is placed on the head of the femur and tibia by following a specific protocol defining the exact position in relation to the geometry of the patient’s bones. Many complications occur after knee replacement surgery due to wrong force loads applied in the knee joint, due to improper placement in relation to the kinematic of the knee. In 20% of the cases (Gunaratne et al. 2017; Joshua Twiggs et al. 2017) knee surgeries result in pain and the surgeon needs to reoperate after the patient complains of movement constraints. Therefore, the prosthesis should be placed according to the kinematic of the patient and not only according to the geometry of the bones. Being able to visualise the patient’s kinematics before or after the operation can help to detect the difficulties that the surgeon will encounter, to classify the patient in order to better prepare the operation and to check after the operation the proper functioning of the joint.
Designing for Lived Informatics in Out-of-Clinic Physical Rehabilitation
Published in Human–Computer Interaction, 2018
Naveen L. Bagalkot, Tomas Sokoler
ReSwing and ReWall were both set in the context of Gita, a 75-year-old woman who lives in a village in central India. Gita was undergoing rehabilitation post knee-replacement surgery. She underwent the surgery 5 years prior in a hospital in Pune, the nearest city, which is a 4-hr bus ride from her town. Since her surgery she has been actively performing the rehabilitation exercises prescribed to her just after her surgery in the hospital, and over time these exercises took the nature of fitness exercises that enable her to be mobile and active rather than corrective therapy exercises. As there is no physiotherapy care near where she lives, she performs the exercises without professional supervision. We chose two of her exercises to explore the design of digital self-monitoring technology that Gita can engage with as an integral part of her rehabilitation practice.
Effect of posterior tibial slope and implant material on the bone-implant system following TKA: A finite element study
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2018
Ravishanker Baliga B, Raghuvir Pai B, Satish Shenoy, Atmananda Hegde K, Sharath Rao K, Shubham Swaroop, Abhijeet Shetkar
Total knee replacement is the most common surgical treatment for acute knee pain. Each surgical procedure is unique since each patients’ knee joint damage is different both qualitatively and quantitatively. Factors such as knee condition prior to surgery play a crucial role during surgical planning and the variables to be considered at the time of joint replacement. One such factor is the tibial slope of knee. This article compares the various tibial slopes of the knee and its effect on stress and strains generated in the bone. Understanding these effects prior to surgery leads to better planning and the life of implants, post-surgery. Exploration of various factors gives a clear idea to the surgeon regarding operative variables to be considered for better patient satisfaction and reduce the need for revision surgery.