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Interactions between Oral Bacteria and Antibacterial Polymer-Based Restorative Materials
Published in Mary Anne S. Melo, Designing Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Fernando L. Esteban Florez, Sharukh S. Khajotia
According to Dunne,[66], bacteria and inert surfaces are typically negatively charged. Therefore, the final determination on the chances for initial adhesion will depend on the net sum of attractive and repulsive forces generated between the two surfaces. If the resultant net charges are repulsive, then the initial adhesion is energetically unfavorable. Microorganisms have developed very sophisticated attachment “machinery” to overcome this issue and survive attached to a surface. These adhesins-mediated molecular and structure-specific mechanisms are typically located on pili that extend from the surface of cells to the surfaces of substrates.[68]
Moringa oleifera seed oil extracted by pressurized n-propane and its effect against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms
Published in Environmental Technology, 2023
Alessandra Marjorie de Oliveira, Márcia Maria dos Anjos Szczerepa, Maria Cristina Bronharo Tognim, Benício Alves de Abreu Filho, Lúcio Cardozo-Filho, Raquel Guttierres Gomes, Rosângela Bergamasco
Biofilms are essentially composed by bacteria and self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In certain S. aureus strains, the main EPS component is polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA). Its presence improves the biofilm structure, and it is recognized as an important virulence factor in S. aureus. The ica operon that contains icaA, icaB, icaC, icaD and icaR genes is responsible for the synthesis of PIA [6]. Another relevant virulence factor in S. aureus is its resistance to antibiotics, which is guaranteed by the product of the mecA gene, located inside the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) [7]. Both virulence factors make it difficult to eliminate S. aureus biofilms.
Prevalence of virulence determinants and antibiotic resistance patterns of Enterococcus faecalis strains in patients with community-acquired urinary tract infections in Iran
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2018
Abdullah Karimi, Zohreh Ghalavand, Fatemeh Fallah, Parisa Eslami, Mahmoud Parvin, Masoud Alebouyeh, Marjan Rashidan
Knowledge about patterns of antibiotic resistance phenotypes and virulence genes in uropathogenic E. faecalis strains is limited. In this study, different combinations of the virulence determinants and antibiotic resistant phenotypes were identified in the uropathogenic E. faecalis strains. Resistance pattern TET/MIN/esp/efba/asa1/ace/cyl/gelE was the most frequently ones. Simultaneous presence of these virulence determinants and antibiotic resistant phenotypes may enhance the pathogenesis of the E. faecalis strains due to the increased adhesin, colonization, extracellular production of enzymes and evasion from host immune response.
Mini review: Recent advances in long period fiber grating biological and chemical sensors
Published in Instrumentation Science & Technology, 2019
Brzozowska et al.[23] developed a LPFG sensor coated with type 4 bacteriophage adhesin for the first time to determine gram-negative bacteria. The results of the sensor were more reliable in detecting Escherichia coli k-12 than in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and biomolecular interaction analysis core methods. The presence of outer-membrane protein C in an outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria A enables the characterizatoin of gram-negative bacteria separate from gram-positive bacteria.