China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
A pensioner with ‘waterworks’ problems
Published in Tim French, Terry Wardle, The Problem-Based Learning Workbook, 2022
Urge incontinence: patients wet themselves before they have time to get to the toilet. If severe, they go on to void to completion because they cannot stop the flow of urine once it has started. The problem is aggravated by decreased mobility (Parkinson’s disease, arthritis, etc). Urge incontinence is due to an overactive bladder whose contractions cannot be sufficiently inhibited voluntarily.
Meeting personal needs: elimination
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
Based on limited evidence, bladder training may be helpful for the treatment of urinary incontinence (Wallace et al. 2009). Bladder training aims to increase the interval between voids so that continence might be regained and is widely used for the treatment of urinary incontinence (Wallace et al. 2009). For example, the person might initially be asked to go to the toilet every hour. This is then gradually extended by half an hour at a time. NICE (2019) recommends that, for women with overactive bladders, with or without urge incontinence, bladder training for a minimum of 6 weeks should be offered. Education of individuals and carers, use of a continence chart and continuous encouragement are all important elements. Carers need to praise to build up confidence and reinforce behaviour and they should be patient and understanding.
Answers
Published in Andrew Schofield, Paul Schofield, The Complete SAQ Study Guide, 2019
Andrew Schofield, Paul Schofield
Urinary incontinence can be a distressing symptom. It is more commonly seen in women who have had children and can affect their Uves adversely. It is important to define the type of incontinence, as treatment varies widely between that of urge or stress incontinence. Some forms of constant incontinence may be due to congenital abnormalities or neurological deficits. Urodynamic assessment can be used to assess different types of incontinence. Stress incontinence can be managed with pelvic floor exercises and such lifestyle changes as smoking cessation and weight loss, or surgical methods such as transvaginal tape insertion. TVT insertion may require reversal due to unacceptable urinary retention symptoms. Management of urge incontinence also focuses on such lifestyle changes as avoiding caffeine and alcohol, and bladder retraining. Other treatment for urge incontinence involves such medications as antimuscarinic or tricyclic antidepressants.
Understanding and managing autonomic dysfunction in persons with multiple sclerosis
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2021
Ivan Adamec, Magdalena Krbot Skorić, Mario Habek
Urinary symptoms can manifest either as storage phase dysfunction with incontinence or voiding phase dysfunction with retention and incomplete bladder emptying [52]. These symptoms are one of the most frequent in MS and occur during the course of the disease in up to 97% of pwMS [53]. Incontinence not only has a significant impact on quality of life but can also cause a substantial economic burden due to the cost of medications, incontinence products, and hospital stays [54]. Demyelinating lesions in the spinal cord that interrupt neural connections from the pontine micturition center to the parasympathetic sacral micturition center are thought to cause bladder dysfunction in pwMS [55]. These CNS lesions in turn can lead to detrusor hyperactivity, the most common urinary dysfunction in pwMS [56]. Urodynamic studies have demonstrated that detrusor hyperreflexia is the most common abnormality present, followed by detrusor sphincter dyssynergia and detrusor hyporeflexia [57]. The most common urinary symptom reported in the same study was urinary urgency followed by frequency, urge incontinence, stress incontinence, and dysuria [57].
Linking of assessment scales for women with urinary incontinence and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2019
Thaissa Hamana de Macedo Dantas, Luciana Castaneda, Adriana Gomes Magalhães, Diego de Sousa Dantas
Urinary incontinence is defined as the complaint of any involuntary loss of urine and can be classified into stress incontinence, urge incontinence, and mixed incontinence [1]. This condition is a costly public health problem [2,3] and its prevalence increases with advancing age [4]. Although it affects individuals of both sexes, urinary incontinence affects mostly women [5–7]. It is a condition that interferes with well-being and may cause harm to women's social relationships, work activities, sexual life, and hygiene [8], impairing to functioning [9]. According to the World Health Organization, Human Functioning is a term that encompasses experiences related to Body Function, Body Structure, Activities, and Participation [10] and results from the dynamic interaction between health conditions and contextual factors (Environmental Factors and Personal Factors) [11,12].
Electrical stimulation on urinary symptoms following stroke: a systematic review
Published in European Journal of Physiotherapy, 2019
Sara Kjaer Bastholm, Lena Aadal, Camilla Biering Lundquist
Following stroke, urinary symptoms are common and urinary incontinence (UI) affects 40–60% of hospitalised patients, 25% of patients at hospital discharge, and 15% of patients one year after stroke [1]. In most stroke survivors, UI is caused by overactive bladder (OAB), characterised by urgency, urge incontinence, increased frequency of micturition and nocturia [2,3]. In a cross sectional study of 1248 stroke survivors, 83.6% reported one or more urinary symptoms three months post-stroke. The most frequently reported symptoms included urge incontinence (37.0%), nocturia (79.1%) and a daily micturition of more than 7 voids (17.5%) [4]. Similar prevalence’s have been reported by Sakakibara and Brittain [5,6]. Additionally, patients with stroke often are affected by immobility, loss of initiative and impaired cognition [7] which may exacerbate their incontinence symptoms.