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Special Considerations for Men's Health
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Testicular cancer is the most prevalent cancer among men aged between 15 and 40 years. Testicular cancer risk factors include cryptorchidism, genitourinary system abnormalities, and endocrine abnormalities and dysfunction (Rovito et al., 2015). The American Cancer Society recommends testicular self-examination (TSE) as an effective strategy for early identification and diagnosis of prostate cancer. TSE should be taught and encouraged as a normal lifestyle practice (ACS, 2014; Rovito et al., 2015).
General Surgery
Published in Tjun Tang, Elizabeth O'Riordan, Stewart Walsh, Cracking the Intercollegiate General Surgery FRCS Viva, 2020
Rebecca Fish, Aisling Hogan, Aoife Lowery, Frank McDermott, Chelliah R Selvasekar, Choon Sheong Seow, Vishal G Shelat, Paul Sutton, Yew-Wei Tan, Thomas Tsang
What are the long-term chances of malignancy in undescended testes?The undescended testes are 5–10 times more likely to develop a malignancy. Inguinal UDT − 1:80 riskIntra-abdominal testis 1:20 risk(lifetime risk of developing testicular CA = 1:190) Seminoma is the commonest tumour related to UDTTesticular self-examination should be promoted for early diagnosis.Effect of age at orchidopexy (based on a Swedish 35 year study in NEJM 2007, UDT post-orchidopexy versus population, if orchidopexy done before 13 years carries lower relative risk of cancer than done after 13 years (RR 2.2 vs. 5.4).
Urology
Published in Stephan Strobel, Lewis Spitz, Stephen D. Marks, Great Ormond Street Handbook of Paediatrics, 2019
Surgery cannot reverse the maturational failure of the undescended testis but it can reduce the impact from further thermal injury. Historical data have documented normal semen analysis in 60% of men with unilateral and 25% of those with bilateral undescended testis, although paternity is achieved by up to 90% and 65%, respectively. Since then, the recommended age for orchidepexy has steadily decreased. So far, improved sperm counts and mobility as well as a reduced malignancy risk have been reported. The risk of malignancy is estimated to be 2–3 times that of the normal population for boys who had an orchidopexy before puberty. Monthly testicular self-examination should commence at puberty.
Health literacy of cardiology patients: determinants and effects on patient outcomes
Published in Social Work in Health Care, 2021
This study limited the findings and results related to patients who presented to cardiology polyclinics of a university hospital and who were administered a survey. Moreover, the analysis of the determinants of health literacy did not include data about the patients’ societal and environmental features (culture, language, political strength and social system) nor their situational features (social support, effects of family and peers, media use and physical environment, etc.). Rather, the analyses were performed on the basis of individual characteristics (sex, marital status, education level, age, employment status, household income, place of residence and perception of social status). Data on patient outcomes were obtained by asking the patients directly and were not confirmed by checking the records of the hospital in which the study was conducted or other hospitals. Despite these limitations, this study did include strong aspects. For example, information not available on the patients’ records including patients’ educational level, household income, perception of social status, and patient outcomes such as exercising regularly, alcohol use, following a diet, drug use habits, performing breast self-examination, performing testicular self-examination, health status and satisfaction was able to be obtained through the survey. Another strong aspect of this study was that it was able to simultaneously examine the effects of health literacy on numerous patient outcomes of cardiac patients (26 patient outcomes).