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The abdomen
Published in Peter Kopelman, Dame Jane Dacre, Handbook of Clinical Skills, 2019
Peter Kopelman, Dame Jane Dacre
IrritativeDysuria – typically described as a burning pain on micturition, and most often due to urinary tract infection.Frequency – establish whether this is a frequent voiding of small amounts of urine or of normal volumes, to differentiate problems with bladder capacity or irritation from polyuria.Nocturia – may be due to mobilisation of peripheral oedema at night causing polyuria, reduced bladder capacity or bladder irritation.Strangury – a painful desire to pass urine with either an empty or completely obstructed bladder.
Urinary Symptoms and Investigations
Published in Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie, Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 2018
Professor Sir Norman Williams, Professor P. Ronan O’Connell, Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
Strangury is a sensation of constantly needing to void. Typically, the patient describes having to stand/sit for long periods with the sensation that micturition is imminent. Strangury is most commonly due to a lower urinary tract infection (UTI).
The kidneys, urinary tract and prostate
Published in Kevin G Burnand, John Black, Steven A Corbett, William EG Thomas, Norman L Browse, Browse’s Introduction to the Symptoms & Signs of Surgical Disease, 2014
Kevin G Burnand, John Black, Steven A Corbett, William EG Thomas, Norman L Browse
Strangury (literally, squeezing urine) is a term used by some to describe a painful desire to micturate, which starts in the bladder and radiates into the urethra. Others use it to describe pain felt at the end of micturition as the patient squeezes out the last few drops of urine. To avoid confusion, do not use it at all.
Cytotoxic effects of extracts obtained from plants of the Oleaceae family: bio-guided isolation and molecular docking of new secoiridoids from Jasminum humile
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Khaled Ahmed Mansour, Ahmed Elbermawi, Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy, Mohamed-Farid Lahloub, Mona El-Neketi
Jasmines (Jasminum spp.) are widely cultivated flowering plants of the Oleaceae family. In addition to their pleasant fragrances, different species of this genus were proven to have various biological activities. Jasminum sambac L. has traditionally been used as an analgesic and antiseptic in addition to its use as a fragrance in skin care products. Its essential oil was reported to have antimicrobial and antioxidant effects (Abdoul-Latif et al. 2010). Jasminum grandiflorum is used in folk medicine as an antiulcer (Venkateswararao and Venkataramana 2013). Leaves are used in odontalgia, leprosy, skin diseases, ottorrhoea, otalgia, strangury, and dysmenorrhoea (Sandeep et al. 2009). The aerial parts of J. grandiflorum were reported to have anti-anthelmintic activity (Hussein et al. 2021). Jasminum humile L. is used traditionally as an astringent, cardiac tonic, and for treating hard lumps and chronic fistulas (Malik et al. 2021). In India, it is used as a tonic and also as a cure for ringworms (Singh et al. 2021). Several oleaceous plants, such as O. europaea (Zaïri et al. 2020; Essafi Rhouma et al. 2021) and other Jasminum species (Jantova et al. 2001; Hue Ngan et al. 2008; Kalaiselvi et al. 2011; Wei et al. 2021) was reported to have potent cytotoxic and anticancer activities. Unfortunately, few researchers have investigated the biological activities of J. humile, and little is reported regarding its phytochemical constituents.
Antioxidant and cytoprotective properties of loganic acid isolated from seeds of Strychnos potatorum L. against heavy metal induced toxicity in PBMC model
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Alagarsamy Abirami, Simran Sinsinwar, Perumal Rajalakshmi, Pemaiah Brindha, Yamajala B. R. D. Rajesh, Vellingiri Vadivel
The seeds have been used extensively in folklore and Ayurvedic practice for the treatment of diabetes, diarrhea, gonorrhea, eye and urinary infections (Biswas et al. 2012). According to Ayurveda, the seeds are acrid, alexipharmic, lithotriptic and cure strangury, urinary discharges and head diseases (Agharkar 1991). In Siddha system of medicine, the seeds are used to treat cold, cough, respiratory diseases, diabetes, diarrhea, eye diseases and fever (Mudhaliar 2002). The seeds have a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities that includes anti-diabetic (Biswas et al. 2012, Mishra et al. 2013), diuretic (Biswas et al. 2001), anti-diarrhoeal (Biswas et al. 2002), hepatoprotective (Sanmugapriya and Venkataraman 2006), anti-ulcer (Sanmugapriya and Venkataraman 2007), anti-arthritic (Sanmugapriya et al. 2010) and anti-plasmodial activities (Philippe et al. 2005). The pharmacognostic parameters of S. potatorum seeds were reported by Sanmuga and Venkataraman (2010). Leaf, stem bark, seeds and root of this plant contained alkaloids like diaboline, acetyldiaboline, angustine, and methoxydiaboline (Phillipson et al. 1974, Singh et al. 1975b, Massiot et al. 1992). Presence of diaboline (Singh et al. 1975a), beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, oleanolic acid (Singh and Dhar 1977), triterpenes (Singh et al. 1975b) and mannogalactans (Corsaro et al. 1995) have been reported in the seeds.
Comparative safety review of current pharmacological treatments for interstitial cystitis/ bladder pain syndrome
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 2021
Po-Yen Chen, Wei-Chia Lee, Yao-Chi Chuang
Recently, Cervigni et al. [90] reported a randomized, open label, multicenter study for comparisons of efficacy and safety between intravesical HA/CS and dimethyl sulfoxide in women with IC/BPS. After a 3-month treatment and followed up at a period of 6 months, they suggested treatment with HA/CS resulted in a greater reduction in pain intensity at 6 months compared to DMSO-used patients. Also, the HA/CS users had the advantage of fewer treatment-related adverse effects (1.35% versus 22.22%) and a better cost-effectiveness, compared to DMSO-users. Only one HA/CS user (1.35%) reported bladder pain. However, DMSO-users experienced bladder irritation (2.78%) or pain (2.78%), cystitis (5.56%), dysuria (11.11%), and strangury (2.78%).