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An Overview of Drug-Induced Nephropathies *
Published in Robin S. Goldstein, Mechanisms of Injury in Renal Disease and Toxicity, 2020
Jean Paul Fillastre, Michel Godin
Information from the follow-up of gold-induced, membranous glomerulonephritis after the withdrawal of the drug was available in 49 patients (Fillastre et al., 1988). Of these, 24 were not treated; the remaining 25 received low-dose steroids (5 to 15 mg/d), high-dose steroids (1 mg/kg/d), or immunosuppressive agents. Proteinuria disappeared in 23 (95.8%) of the untreated patients and in 21 (84%) of the treated. Treatment did not hasten a favorable outcome, and proteinuria disappeared both in treated and untreated patients within 4 to 18 months. A similar, favorable outcome occurred in patients with minimal glomerular changes and nephrotic syndrome. There is little information about the clinical course and prognosis of those with gold-induced, mesangial glomerulonephritis. The hematuria usually resolves when treatment is stopped (Horden et al., 1984; White et al., 1984), but persists while treatment is continuing (White et al., 1984). Thus the prognosis of this glomerulopathy is spontaneously favorable after withdrawal of the drug. Treatment with corticosteroids is therefore not indicated in gold-associated nephrotic syndromes. Because gold has always been stopped when proteinuria was detected, it is not known whether or not the proteinuria could disappear spontaneously if treatment is continued, as is the case with some other drugs (see below).
Bladder Cancer
Published in Pat Price, Karol Sikora, Treatment of Cancer, 2020
Approximately 80% of bladder cancers present with hematuria, which is usually painless and intermittent and either visible (macroscopic) or detected on urinalysis (microscopic). Detection rates of bladder cancer in UK series vary between 12 and 20% of those presenting to a hematuria clinic.7 Storage type urinary symptoms, including urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria, may be associated with both CIS and invasive bladder tumors. Patients with advanced or metastatic disease often suffer constitutional symptoms, including anorexia, weight loss, and pain arising from sites of metastasis such as bone. Physical examination may be unremarkable in these patients; a careful pelvic examination can determine whether a mass is palpable or to assess the fixity of tumor to adjacent organs. Urine microscopy and culture should be performed and, if negative, repeated in view of the intermittent nature of the hematuria.
The HbS Containing Cell
Published in Ronald L. Nagel, Genetically Abnormal Red Cells, 2019
Ronald L. Nagel, Mary E. Fabry
Hematuria is a known complication not only of SS disease but also of sickle trait. It is typically painless and self-limited to about 7 days. Occasionally formation of blood clots can give colic pain. It is frequently unilateral with the left kidney more commonly involved (80% of the cases). The most common cause of hematuria is papillary necrosis that can be recognized by irregularities or pseudo-diverticulae detectable in the IVP. Less frequent causes are glomerulonephritis, tuberculosis, bleeding disorders, tumor, stones, and infection of the urinary tract.
The effect of povidone-iodine rectal cleansing on post-biopsy infectious complications
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2023
In group 2, no patient was hospitalized for infectious complications. All patients were phoned and asked for complications, but three patients (1.5%) did not readmit to the hospital for routine control 7–10 days after the biopsy since they declared that they had no complaints on a phone call. The remaining 188 patients were closely followed up, and no other doctor gave them any medication. Hematuria lasting 1–2 days was the most common complaint of group 2 patients. Nearly half of the patients, 89 patients (46.5%), answered that they had hematuria, 38 patients (19.8%) complained of hematospermia, 34 patients (17.8%) complained of dysuria. Only five out of 34 patients who complained about dysuria had leucocyturia on urine analysis. There was no bacterial growth on the urine cultures of these 34 patients. Thirty patients complained of rectal bleeding (15.7%). No patient complained of fever. Three patients (1.5%) were readmitted to the hospital for acute urinary retention the next day after the biopsy. On urine analysis, 62 patients (32.9%) had only microscopic hematuria (5 or more red blood cells per high-power field), and 21 patients (11.1%) had both microscopic hematuria and leucocyturia (5 or more white blood cells per high-power field).
Association between selective serotonin and serotonin–noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor therapy and hematuria
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2023
Mehmet Sarier, Meltem Demir, Mestan Emek, Ali Özgen, Hasan Turgut, Candan Özdemir
Hematuria is one of the most common urologic diagnoses, estimated to account for over 20% of urologic evaluations [9]. However, it is one of the most difficult to manage findings. Hematuria may occur in the form of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria (AMH) or as macroscopic hematuria, a sign of serious bleeding in the urinary tract. AMH is the first sign of many diseases, especially urologic malignancies; therefore, a comprehensive investigation to determine the etiology of AMH is warranted. Despite the many improvements in imaging and laboratory methods, a definitive cause still cannot be identified in 9%–18% of patients with AMH [10,11]. In this respect, we believe that there has been inadequate research into the relationship between hematuria and SSRI/SNRIs, given their widespread use in society. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of hematuria in patients using SSRI/SNRIs and to compare the results with a control group.
The inFlow intraurethral valve-pump for women with detrusor underactivity: A summary of peer-reviewed literature
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2022
Siobhan M. Hartigan, Roger R. Dmochowski
As with any indwelling device within the urinary system, adverse events such as encrustation, infection, and migration are a concern. Despite the indwelling nature of the inFlow urinary prosthesis compared to the very short indwelling time of CIC, the pivotal trial showed no significant differences in adverse event rates between the CIC baseline and inFlow treatment periods except for clinically minor events. During the treatment phase, 8% of patients reported hematuria, all of which were mild or moderate in severity and did not warrant treatment or device removal. Asymptomatic bacteriuria was found in 56% of patients and UTIs, all mild in severity, were noted in 30% of patients. There were no instances of failure of the inFlow device due to encrustation. Compared to baseline, discomfort and leakage were found to increase during the inFlow treatment period and, while all cases were mild in severity, this was noted to be the reason for discontinuation of device use a combined 60% of subjects.