China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
The urinary tract and male reproductive system
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Luis Beltran, Daniel M. Berney
Tuberculosis of the prostate is exceptionally rare but may occur in association with infection of the kidney and bladder in regions with high incidence. The most common infective cause of granulomatous prostatitis is infection with BCG (bacille Calmette–Guérin), which is used as intravesical therapy for superficial bladder cancer.
Unexplained Fever In Urology
Published in Benedict Isaac, Serge Kernbaum, Michael Burke, Unexplained Fever, 2019
Granulomatous prostatitis is usually detected as a hard lobe or area of the prostate which always follows an urinary tract infection. Autoimmune or allergic phenomena have been implicated in causation of granulomatous prostatitis. Biopsy provides the only accurate means of diagnosis. There will be a chronic inflammatory process with destruction of normal glandular architecture by eosinophilic infiltration and central fibroid necrosis with nearby histiocytes, giant cells and active fibroblasts; small blood vessels show intimai swelling. The nonspecific granulomatous prostatitis is associated with an allergic history; some insist it is in asthmatic patients. In our experience, there were cases of granulomatous prostatitis in which no relation could be proven with allergic or asthmatic conditions.32,151-155
Localization of Steroid Binding in Prostatic Carcinoma by Histochemistry: Therapeutic Implications *
Published in P. Pertschuk Louis, Lee Sin Hang, Localization of Putative Steroid Receptors, 2018
Louis P. Pertschuk, Richard J. Macchia, Karen B. Eisenberg
The large number of specimens analyzed permitted several observations to be made. Seven specimens were prostate infiltrated by transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. These urothelial carcinomas were all AB/EB-negative. The presence of large numbers of inflammatory cells as in chronic prostatitis were associated with poor ligand uptake. Almost half (40%) of such specimens were negative. Two specimens of granulomatous prostatitis were AB/EB-negative. As might be expected, infarction of the prostate was also associated with a high degree of negativity; 60% of infarcted specimens exhibited a low level of steroid binding. Squamous metaplasia of prostate glands was also associated with a low level of binding.
Ocular Complications of Intravesicular BCG Treatment for Bladder Carcinoma
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2022
Osman Melih Ceylan, Ali Hakan Durukan, Yusuf Uysal, Gokhan Ozge, Deniz Dogan, Ugur Bozlar
BCG has been proved to be superior over chemotherapy in reducing recurrence rates of the bladder cancer.6 Lamm et al. reported 2.9% incidence of high fever (>39°C), 1.0% major hematuria, 0.9% granulomatous prostatitis, 0.7% granulomatous pneumonitis/hepatitis, 0.5% arthritis or arthralgia, 0.4% epididymo-orchitis, 0.4% sepsis, 0.3% urethral obstruction, 0.2% bladder contracture, 0.1% renal abscess, and 0.1% cytopenia in a study of more than 1,200 patients who received BCG immunotherapy.7 Rare complications such as conjunctivitis, keratitis, sterile corneal dissolution, uveitis, endophthalmitis, and autoimmune retinitis have been reported in previous reports.8–11 Cugati S et al.9 reported a case of choroidal tubercle with tractional retinal detachment who responded well to ATT treatment. In our patient, two mechanisms might be responsible for the retinal detachment. There is a serous component due to choroidal tubercle and a tractional component due to ERM. Main reason for the detachment is serous component and we think that traction due to ERM is a comorbidity. Therefore, PPV was performed in addition to ATT treatment. However, few reports also reported penile involvement following intravesical BCG immunotherapy similar to our study.12
Prostatic chronic inflammation and prostate cancer risk at baseline random biopsy: Analysis of predictors
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2020
Alessandro Tafuri, Marco Sebben, Giovanni Novella, Marco Pirozzi, Tania Processali, Aliasger Shakir, Riccardo Rizzetto, Nelia Amigoni, Riccardo Bernasconi, Matteo Brunelli, Maria A. Cerruto, Salvatore Siracusano, Alessandro Antonelli, Walter Artibani, Antonio B. Porcaro
In daily clinical practice, the presence of prostatic inflammation is under-estimated [2]. Prostate biopsy may reveal different types of prostatitis, such as acute prostatic inflammation, prostatic chronic inflammation (PCI), and non-specific granulomatous prostatitis. Moreover, PCI has also been classified clinically into four categories by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [3]. The last category, ‘asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis’, which is also coded as ‘type IV’ is a kind of PCI detected after biopsy in patients who have no history of genitourinary tract complaints but present with increased PSA levels and/or abnormal DRE [3]. The risk of PCa has been related to multiple factors that influence the prostate microenvironment. Here, PCI may have a pivotal role in the initial phase leading to PCa. In addition, the recent development of immunotherapy and vaccines against PCa underline the pivotal role of the immune system in PCa biology [4]. Our group has previously shown an inverse association between PCI and PCa [5]. On the contrary, clinical studies have shown that a personal history of prostatitis, as well as symptom duration were significantly associated with an increased risk of PCa [6]. Further, Gurel et al. [7] reported that PCI was associated with a 30% increase in the risk of PCa.
Quantitative evaluation of the relative apparent diffusion coefficient values on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging to predict higher Gleason score prostate cancer
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2018
Seiji Kato, Shuichi Kamijima, Tsutomu Inaoka, Naoto Kamiya, Daisuke Sasai, Hitoshi Terada, Nobuyuki Hiruta, Hiroyoshi Suzuki
Although PI-RADS v2 offers standardized reporting methods, it still has room for improvement, especially in the case of TZ cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia in the TZ is one the most common false-positive findings, as well as acute bacterial prostatitis and granulomatous prostatitis both in the PZ and TZ [18]. It has been reported that DWI and DCE might not improve the detection of TZ cancer compared with T2W only [19]. For TZ cancer, PI-RADS v2 regards the findings on T2W image as the most important. When T2W is PI-RADS score 3 and DWI is PI-RADS score 5, the final PI-RADS assessment category is PI-RADS 4. The present findings showing that ADCTUMOR was significantly lower than ADCNORMAL at both the PZ and the TZ support this upgrading concept. We could attach more importance to the DWI score for the assessment of TZ cancers. Furthermore, adding ADCTNR to PI-RADS v2 assessment could improve the detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancers at the TZ.