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An Introduction to the Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Shandesh Bhattarai, Christiane Mendes Feitosa, Mahendra Rai
Croton lechleri is an herb used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer properties (Hartwell 1969, Pieters et al. 1993, Lopes et al. 2004). Crude extracts from plants like Colubrina macrocarpa, Hemiangium excelsum, and Acacia pennatula possess a selective cytotoxic activity against human tumor cells (Popoca et al. 1998). In the Palestinian and Israeli territories, extracts of Teucrium polium and Pistacia lentiscus are known to treat liver disease, jaundice, diabetes, fertility problems and cancer (Howiriny and Sohaibani 2005). Paris polyphylla has been used to treat liver cancer and has been reported as a potent anticancer agent. Salvia officinalis are known for their antitumor effects (Liu et al. 2000), and Solanum nigrum to cure inflammation, edema, mastitis and hepatic cancer (Lee and Lim 2003). Until the development of penicillin in the early 1940s, most natural product-derived drugs were obtained from terrestrial plants. The success of penicillin in treating infection led to an expansion in the area of drug discovery from microorganisms. Unlike the long-standing historical medical uses of terrestrial plants, marine organisms have a shorter history of utilization in the treatment of human disease (Dewick 2002, Newman et al. 2003, Butler 2005, Sneader 2005).
Evaluation of Anti-ulcer Potential of Sphenodesme involucrata var. paniculata (C.B. Clarke) Munir Leaves on Various Gastric Aggressive Factors
Published in Parimelazhagan Thangaraj, Phytomedicine, 2020
P. S. Sreeja, K. Arunachalam, Parimelazhagan Thangaraj
Even though there are hundreds of compounds isolated from plants with medicinal properties, some compounds, like taspine, isolated from Croton lechleri, has both anti-inflammatory property by reducing the inflammatory process, as well as gastroprotection property by reducing the H. pylori bacteria content in the stomach. Thus Taspine demonstrates that it has multitargets of the therapeutic property for curing diseases and, hence, it is able to be used for more than one illness, both anti-inflammatory, as well as gastroprotection. In same way, the compound colchicine derived from Colchicum luteum possesses anti-inflammatory activity, pain relieving effects on joints and relief from bronchial diseases; salicin from the plant Salix alba proves to have analgesic and anti-rheumatic properties, and is also a proven febrifuge; marrubiin obtained from the plant Marrubium vulgare demonstrated anti-nociceptive and vasorelaxant activity; and glycirrhizin derived from the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra can be used as an expectorant and also for duodenal ulcer and inflammation treatment (Sultan et al. 2013; Jain 2016; Uritu et al. 2018).
TPD7 inhibits the non-small cell lung cancer HCC827 cell growth by regulating EGFR signalling pathway
Published in Journal of Chemotherapy, 2022
Xiaoyan Zhang, Hongjun Zhang, Gangqiang Qi, Xing Gu, Yanjun Zhao, Jie Zhang
Natural products have been used as source of novel therapeutics. The diversity of chemical structure makes them attractive as lead structures for discovery of new drugs [10]. Taspine, isolated from the medicinal plant such as Radix Aconitum, Croton Lechleri, and etc., is a member of natural products with extensive pharmacological activities, including the inhibition of bacteria, angiogenesis and malignant tumours [11–14]. Studies reported that taspine showed effective anti-tumour activity, such as human breast cancer [15], epidermoid carcinoma [16], and lung cancer [17]. TPD7 is a new taspine derivative (Figure 1A) with increased solubility compared with taspine, and has been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth by targeting VEGFR2, EphrinB2, IL-2R, Fas, and CXCR4 [18–21]. In this study, we found that TPD7 showed selective inhibitory effect on HCC827 cell growth through suppressing proliferation, arresting cell cycle and inducing cell apoptosis, and the underlying mechanism involves to suppression of EGFR signalling pathways.
Treatment of striae distensae: An evidence-based approach
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2019
The results have been summarized in Table 1. They have been subdivided into treatment categories of laser/light therapy or topical treatment. The studies were documented in chronological order, with the most recent studies being listed first. A total of 30 studies were found, which used energy-based devices as a treatment of SD between 1999 and 2017. Of these studies, laser categories included nonablative fractional laser (NAFL), radiofrequency (RF), long pulsed Nd:YAG, fractional CO2 laser, fractional bipolar RF, fractional ablative microplasma RF, PDL, and intense pulsed light (IPL). A total of eight studies were found, which used topical therapy as a treatment of SD between 1994 and 2017. Treatment therapy included Punica granatum seed, oil and Croton lechleri resin extract, galvanopuncture, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), topical tretinoin, glycolic acid, and ascorbic acid. Needling and microdermabrasion was also reported in few studies.
How can we improve the safe use of herbal medicine and other natural products? A clinical pharmacologist mission
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2020
Elena Y. Enioutina, Kathleen M. Job, Lubov V. Krepkova, Michael D. Reed, Catherine M. Sherwin
Botanical drugs are often extracts prepared medicinal plants, algae, and/or macroscopic fungi (Figure 1) [4]. Highly purified or chemically modified NP constituents are not considered to be botanical drugs and are classified as conventional drugs. The pharmacological properties of a botanical drug cannot always be ascribed to a specific constituent. Furthermore, the pharmacological effects of botanical multi-constituent drugs are most likely the result of the combined activity of all constituents present in the extract. Specific recommendations for botanical drug production, safety, and efficacy testing were clarified in a ‘Guidance for Industry: Botanical Drug Products’ initially published by the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Botanical Review team in 2004 and revised in 2016 [1,5]. The U.S. FDA has received > 800 IND and PINDs in the last 34 years [5]. The marketing of botanical drugs is labor-intensive and expensive [5,20]; therefore, only two botanical drugs have currently fulfilled the directives given in the Guidance for Botanical Drugs (i.e. Veregen® (sinecatechins) ointment and Mytesi® (crofelemer)) [2,5]. Veregen® (sinecatechins) is a water extract of green tea leaves from Camellia sinensis (L.) intended for the cutaneous treatment of external genital and perianal warts in immunocompetent patients aged ≥18 years [21]. The extract consists of eight known catechins (i.e. Epigallocatechin gallate, Epicatechin, Epigallocatechin, Epicatechin gallate, Gallocatechin gallate, Gallocatechin, Catechin gallate, and Catechin) and other constituents such as gallic acid, caffeine, and theobromine. Crofelemer is a botanical drug isolated from the red sap of the Croton lechleri tree intended for symptomatic relief of noninfectious diarrhea in adult patients with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy [22].