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History of Reconstructive Surgery
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Ralph W. Gilbert, John C. Watkinson
The community of specialties performing head and neck reconstruction has changed dramatically over the past 40 years. Head and neck oncologic surgery in the 1950s and 1960s was largely the domain of general and plastic surgeons, with the majority of reconstruction performed by plastic surgeons. In the last three decades of the 20th century, however, some major changes in the specialties treating defects of the head and neck evolved. Increasingly in Europe and North America, otolaryngologists with subspecialty training in head and neck surgery and reconstructive microsurgery began to develop an interest and expertise in head and neck surgery that extended beyond the treatment of laryngeal cancer. At the same time, in Europe, maxillofacial surgery began its evolution as a specialty and, increasingly, maxillofacial surgeons treated and reconstructed congenital, traumatic and oncologic defects of the head and neck.
Emergency procedures
Published in John Dudley Langdon, Mohan Francis Patel, Robert Andrew Ord, Peter Brennan, Operative Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2017
David W Macpherson, Clive A Pratt
This condition is one of the few true emergencies in maxillofacial surgery. The presence of orbital pain, reducing visual acuity, proptosis and ophthalmoplegia in the acute presentation of midface trauma or following surgical management should be assumed to be a retrobulbar haemorrhage. Fundoscopy to note a pale optic disc is the only investigation required – computed tomography (CT) imaging wastes time and rarely assists the diagnosis.
Pain Management in Dentistry
Published in Mark V. Boswell, B. Eliot Cole, Weiner's Pain Management, 2005
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Oral and maxillofacial surgery is the specialty of dentistry that includes the diagnosis and surgical and adjunctive treatment of diseases, injuries, and defects involving both the functional and aesthetic aspects of the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region. (Adopted October 1990)
Evaluating the perioperative analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided trigeminal nerve block in adult patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia: A randomized controlled study
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2023
Maha Misk, Abdelrhman Alshawadfy, Medhat Lamei, Fatma Khames, Mohamed Abd Elgawad, Hamdy A. Hendawy
Maxillofacial surgeries include a wide range of procedures from straightforward tooth extractions to intricate reconstructive and free flap surgeries. These surgeries are challenged by the complicated anatomy and limited surgical space. Furthermore, pain and bleeding are common encounters during maxillofacial surgery [1]. Postoperative pain raises both the hospital costs and length of stay. Additionally, it affects sleep and lowers the quality of life [2]. There are numerous treatments for postoperative pain including opioid and nonopioid medications as well as oral, intravenous, and regional anesthetics [3]. The adverse effects of opioids include postoperative nausea/vomiting and respiratory depression that make it difficult to extubate patients, particularly in maxillofacial surgeries involving mouth closure by intermaxillary fixation [4]. Another challenge in maxillofacial surgery is significant bleeding. Blood loss can usually be managed using head-up positioning, injecting adrenaline-containing local anesthetic, and avoiding hypertension [5,6].
Immediate reconstruction of segmental mandibular defects via tissue engineering
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2022
Robert O. Weiss, Patrick E. Wong, Likith V. Reddy
Two patients presented to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic for evaluation. The patients’ history and symptoms at the time of presentation are summarized in Table 1. Clinical examination of Patient 1 revealed obvious extraoral asymmetry of the lower facial third. The intraoral, buccal, and lingual examination revealed firm expansion extended anteriorly to the parasymphysis region. Clinical examination of Patient 2 revealed intraoral firm expansion in a buccal and lingual dimension as well as an edentulous posterior left mandible due to bony expansion. Computed tomography (CT) was obtained in both cases, depicting expansive lesions of the right and left mandible, respectively (Table 1, Figure 1a–1b, Figure 2a–2c). In addition, virtual surgical planning was used to allow for the fabrication of a reconstruction plate and aid in surgical preparation.
Reliability of radiographic findings in large FOV CBCTs of mandibular third molars as basis for pre-operative patient information
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2022
Louise Hauge Matzen, Lars Schropp, Louise Hermann, Janne Ingerslev, Ann Wenzel
Two hundred and nine mandibular third molars (104 left side and 105 right side) in 55 male and 79 female patients (mean age at the day of third molar removal 22 years, range 18–52) were included in this study. The patients were mostly consecutively referred from an orthodontist in private practice or community health care clinics for orthognathic surgery at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark during a 2-year period from 2015–2017. At the hospital, the patients underwent a clinical and radiographic examination including a panoramic and a CBCT examination to plan the orthodontic pre-treatment as well as the orthognathic surgery. In the department, the majority of third molars were consequently removed before the orthodontic pre-treatment and the orthognathic surgery to obtain optimal bone conditions in relation to the healing process after the SSO. The third molars were removed with a maximum of three months (average two months and 12 days) after the CBCT examination was performed. After removal of the third molar(s), the patients started the orthodontic pre-treatment, and approximately 1.5 years after removal of the third molar(s) and the pre-surgical orthodontic treatment, the orthognathic surgery was performed. This study includes data regarding mandibular third molar removal from patients undergoing subsequent orthognathic surgery. The study does not include data or information from either the orthodontic pre-treatment or the orthognathic surgery.