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Rheumatic Disease
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
The causes of neck pain are similar to those of low back pain and may be summarized as in LOW BACK PAIN AT A GLANCE, except that mechanical pain is limited to OA or prolapsed cervical disc or is non-specific in nature (e.g. posture) and referred pain commonly relates to visceral or cardiovascular disease (e.g. cardiac ischaemia).
Miscellaneous
Published in Ibrahim Natalwala, Ammar Natalwala, E Glucksman, MCQs in Neurology and Neurosurgery for Medical Students, 2022
Ibrahim Natalwala, Ammar Natalwala, E Glucksman
iii – Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative osteoarthritis of the cervical spine, frequently presenting with occipital headaches that are exacerbated by movement of the neck. These often radiate to the temporal region. If the facet joint osteoarthritis is severe, then nerve root entrapment can occur leading to neurological symptoms such as pain, paraesthesia, numbness and weakness in the upper limbs. In severe cervical spondylosis, the C6 and C7 nerve roots are commonly affected.3 Always keep in mind the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) in patients presenting with headache in the temporal area. This is a very treatable condition and one not to miss (check serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Do not confuse spondylosis with spondylitis which is inflammation of the vertebrae (aetiology includes infections such as TB [Pott’s disease] and inflammatory conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis).
Surgical Emergencies
Published in Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan, Emergency Medicine, 2020
Anthony FT Brown, Michael D Cadogan
Neck sprain is most commonly associated with hyperextension injuries resulting from sudden deceleration in a motor vehicle collision. The lay term for this mechanism of injury is ‘whiplash’. In practice, neck sprain occurs with other directions of impact, including hyperflexion.
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion is more effective than cervical arthroplasty in relieving atypical symptoms in patients with cervical spondylosis
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2022
Giovanni Grasso, Fabio Torregrossa, Brian A. Karamian, Jose A. Canseco, Alexander R. Vaccaro
Successive studies have brought attention to a potential irritative mechanisms affecting sympathetic nerve fibers present in the intervertebral disc,38 PLL39, cervical facet joints40, and dura mater.41 Irritation of these fibers could be a major cause of neck pain and atypical symptoms in patients with cervical spondylosis.40 Previous studies have demonstrated that ACDF resulted in complete resolution of sympathetic symptoms in numerous patients with cervical spondylosis.17,23,25,26,29. A network of sympathetic nerves has been described in the PLL in several cadaveric and animal studies.42–44. Because ACDF is characterized by the removal of the disc and the sectioning of the PLL at the involved segment, it has been hypothesized that sympathetic innervation of cervical disc complex and PLL may play a role in the genesis of sympathetic symptoms.16,45
The effect of ultrasound or phonophoresis as an adjuvant treatment for non-specific neck pain: systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Kinley Dorji, Nadine Graham, Luciana Macedo, Janelle Gravesande, Charles H. Goldsmith, Geoffrey Gelley, Maureen Rice, Patricia Solomon
Neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder in adults and a major cause of impairment and disability [1]. Neck pain has been identified as a fourth leading cause of disability worldwide and is considered a major public health issue, affecting physical, psychological, and overall well-being [1–4]. Neck pain also results in a substantial socioeconomic burden escalating the cost to society and contributing to loss of work productivity [1–3]. Approximately two-thirds of the population will experience neck pain at some point in their lifetime [5] with an annual prevalence rate of 15–50% [2,5–7]. It has been suggested that the prevalence of neck pain will grow dramatically in the coming decades as sedentary work positions rise and the ageing populations of low and medium-income countries increase [1]. Contrary to traditional beliefs, signs, and symptoms of neck pain do not resolve on their own in a relatively high percentage of individuals [8] and many will require short-term or long-term treatment.
A population-based case–control study of the association between cervical spondylosis and tinnitus
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2021
Yen-Fu Cheng, Sudha Xirasagar, Tzong-Hann Yang, Chuan-Song Wu, Nai-Wen Kuo, Herng-Ching Lin
Cervical spondylosis is a chronic degenerative condition of the cervical spine that affects not only the vertebral bodies and the intervertebral discs in the neck, but also the facets, other joints and associated soft tissue supports. Progression of the spondylosis process may cause narrowing of the spinal canal and intervertebral formina, resulting in neurological deficits. Because the spinal cord integrates and relays somatosensory inputs, mechanical deformity caused by cervical spondylosis may interfere with the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and dorsal column, from which sensory input to the central nervous system are relayed in the CN of the brainstem (Kelly et al. 2012). Disruption of the somatosensory pathway from the DRG or the dorsal column may trigger hyperactivity in the CN manifesting as tinnitus (Koehler and Shore 2013; Marks et al. 2018; Wu et al. 2016).