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Motives for Abuse
Published in Lita Linzer Schwartz, Natalie K. Isser, Endangered Children, 2011
Lita Linzer Schwartz, Natalie K. Isser
McKee and Shea (1998) compared their sample of 20 adult women charged with infanticide or filicide with those studied by Resnick (1970), d’Orban (1979), and Bourget and Bradford (1990). Of their subjects, 80% had a diagnosable mental disorder and 35% were mentally retarded or had borderline intellectual functioning. They were also much more likely to be categorized as “low income” than was true in the other studies, and most of them were unemployed. Just over 20% were in adult abusive relationships. Given a detailed background, McKee and Shea found that “these women lacked adequate resources with which to cope with the stressors preceding the children’s deaths” (p. 685). Furthermore, [The] great majority of these killings were apparently not due to impaired judgments from intoxication but, rather were the result of distorted reality contact, or were impulsive, unplanned acts evolving from extreme levels of situational stress, frustration, anger, depression, or a combination of these. (p. 687)
Dialectical behavior therapy-skills system for cognitively challenged individuals with self-harm: a Swedish pilot study
Published in International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2023
Alexandra Rosendahl-Santillo, Reid Lantto, Lena Nylander, Christina Thylander, Pernilla Schultz, Julie Brown, Märta Wallinius, Sofie Westling
Individuals with cognitive challenges (here defined as intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning) have difficulties understanding, processing, and generalizing new knowledge (American Psychiatric Association 2013). They show an increased vulnerability to other psychiatric conditions, such as depression (Reiss and Rojahn 2008), mood swings (Tyrer et al.2006, Barnicot et al.2012), personality disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder (Peña-Salazar et al.2018), but also to high levels of frustration (Tyrer et al.2006). Challenging behaviors such as aggression, destructive behavior and self-harm are found in 10–20% of all individuals with intellectual disability (Davies and Oliver 2013). Studies of individuals with borderline intellectual functioning, usually defined as having an IQ in the range of 71–84 (Peña-Salazar et al.2018), indicate that emotional-behavioral difficulties are more common in this population as compared to individuals without cognitive challenges (King et al.2019). Furthermore, there are some indications, although inconclusive, of a higher prevalence of self-harm and suicidal behavior in this population (Hassiotis et al.2011).
Development of Cognitive Functions and Academic Skills in 9- to 10-year-old Children with Borderline Intellectual Functioning
Published in Developmental Neuropsychology, 2021
During the last 20-years an increasing number of studies have focused on individuals with Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF), defined as individuals with an IQ score between one and two standard deviations below the mean of the typical general population (Peltopuro, Ahonen, Kaartinen, Seppälä, & Närhi, 2014). This trend of increased research interest is much needed because our knowledge about this population is still sparse. Based on their systematic literature review, Peltopuro et al. (2014) concluded that individuals with BIF encounters a multitude of neurocognitive, academic, social, economic and mental health problems across their life courses. Furthermore, as almost all research on children with BIF have used designs with chronological age-matched controls (CA) or both mental age-matched controls (MA) and CA controls, they emphasized the need for longitudinal studies in order to further map out the nature of BIF.
Perceived Mental Healthcare Barriers and Health-seeking Behavior of African-American Caregivers of Adolescents with Mental Health Disorders
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2019
Nneka Jon-Ubabuco, Jane Dimmitt Champion
We received Institutional Review Board approval for this study. This qualitative study utilized convenience sampling. Participants included African-American caregivers of African-American adolescents aged 12–17 years, currently enrolled at in a partial hospitalization program/intensive outpatient program, located in a metropolitan area in the Southwestern United States. Potential participants, following completion of the admission intake process at the facility, received information about the study. We defined caregiver as an adult over the age of 18 years with primary custody or legal guardianship of the adolescent. We excluded caregivers of adolescents in temporary foster care, a history of involvement in Child Protective Services cases or in the juvenile justice system. Other exclusion criteria included caregivers of adolescents diagnosed with borderline intellectual functioning or any type of moderate to severe learning disability.